支气管哮喘患者家属心理压力评估与影响因素分析  

Psychological stress assessment and influencing factors analysis of family members of patients with bronchial asthma

作　　者：李倩 张飞飞 张文静 LI Qian;ZHANG Feifei;ZHANG Wenjing(Binzhou Medical University Hospital,Binzhou 256600,China)

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院附属医院,山东滨州256600

出　　处：《心理月刊》2024年第24期137-139,149,共4页

摘　　要：目的 探究重度支气管哮喘患者家属心理压力水平及影响因素分析。方法 在2022年1月~2024年5月期间,本研究搜集了某院治疗的105名重症哮喘患者及其家属的相关信息,涉及家属的基本信息、患者的病情和治疗方案,以及家属的心理和社会因素等方面通过中文版知觉压力量表(CPSS)评估患者家属心理压力水平,分析影响家属心理压力的因素。结果 (1)在105例重度支气管哮喘患者的家属中,CPSS评分的平均值为30.98±8.59分。在家庭人均收入、患者住院时长、ACT评分、家属的心理韧性、对疾病知识的了解程度以及护理服务满意度等方面不同的家庭中,其心理压力评分显示出了明显的统计学差异(P<0.05);(2)患者家属的心理应激评分与家庭人均收入水平、患者住院时长、ACT评分、家属的心理韧性、对疾病知识的了解程度以及对护理服务的满意度之间呈现出显著的相关性(P<0.05);(3)家庭人均收入、患者住院时间、ACT评分、家属的疾病知识掌握程度和护理满意度被确定为CPSS评分的独立危险因素。结论 重度支气管哮喘患者家属心理压力普遍较大,临床中对医护人员为支气管哮喘患者提供诊疗的同时,也应注意家属的心理变化。患者住院时长和对护理工作的满意程度对家属的心理负担有着显著的影响。在临床实践中,合理规划患者的住院时长以及提升家属对治疗过程的满意度,对于减轻家属的心理压力至关重要。Objective To explore the level of psychological stress and its influencing factors in family members of patients with severe bronchial asthma.Methods From January 2022 to May 2024,this study collected the relevant information of 105 patients with severe asthma treated in a hospital and their families,and assessed the psychological stress level of patients'family members through the Chinese perceived stress scale(CPSS)from the aspects of family members'basic information,patients'illness and treatment plan,as well as family members'psychological and social factors.Analyze the factors that affect the psychological pressure of family members.Results①In 105 patients with severe bronchial asthma,the mean CPSS score was 30.98±8.59.The psychological stress score of families with different aspects of family per capita income,length of stay,ACT score,family members'mental toughness,understanding degree of disease knowledge and nursing service satisfaction showed significant statistical difference(P<0.05).②The psychological stress score of the patients'family members was significantly correlated with the per capita family income,the length of hospital stay,the ACT score,the mental toughness of the patients'family members,the understanding of the disease knowledge and the satisfaction of nursing services(P<0.05).③Family per capita income,patient length of stay,ACT score,family members'disease knowledge and nursing satisfaction were identified as independent risk factors for CPSS score.Conclusion The psychological stress of family members of patients with severe bronchial asthma is generally large.Medical staff should pay attention to the psychological changes of family members while providing diagnosis and treatment for patients with bronchial asthma.The length of hospital stay and the satisfaction of nursing work have significant influence on the psychological burden of family members.In clinical practice,it is important to reasonably plan the length of hospital stay of patients and improve the satisfaction of family

关 键 词：支气管哮喘 一级亲属 心理压力 护理 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]