渗出性年龄相关性黄斑变性患者心理压力水平及影响因素分析  

Analysis of psychological stress level and influencing factors in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration

作　　者：李娜[1] 刘擎晴 赵士燕 LI Na;LIU Qingqing;ZHAO Shiyan(Binzhou Medical University Hospital,Binzhou 256600,China)

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院附属医院,山东滨州256600

出　　处：《心理月刊》2024年第24期6-8,12,共4页

摘　　要：目的 研究分析了与年龄相关的湿性黄斑变性(wAMD)患者的心理压力状态及其相关影响因素。方法 研究设计为横断面研究,通过便利抽样方式,收集了2021年2月~2024年6月期间,本院接收的108名首次诊断为wAMD患者的临床数据。本研究使用中文版知觉压力量表(CPSS),以了解患者的心理压力程度,并记录了患者的基本信息、疾病相关状况以及心理和社会因素,进而分析了可能影响患者心理压力水平的风险因素。结果 108例患者CPSS评分为32.02±8.30分。患者的心理压力与他们的年龄、性别、视力等级、心理韧性、对疾病的认知水平以及家庭支持的强度存在关联。在进行逐步回归分析考虑了这些变量之后,发现年龄和心理韧性两个因素未被纳入最终模型,而性别、视力分类、对疾病知识的了解程度以及家庭的关心水平则是独立影响患者心理压力的关键因素。其中疾病知识掌握程度回归系数最高,对患者心理压力影响最大。结论 初诊的wAMD患者心理压力普遍较大,临床中应关注患者心理压力水平的变化。性别、疾病知识掌握程度及家庭关怀度是影响患者心理压力的独立危险因素,临床中应根据患者实际情况,给予患者个性化的心理护理措施及健康宣教,减轻患者心理压力,避免负面情绪的出现。Objective To explore the level of psychological stress and its influencing factors in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration(wAMD).Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted.The clinical data of 108 newly diagnosed wAMD patients admitted to our hospital from February 2021 to June 2024 were collected by convenience sampling.In this study,the Chinese perceived stress scale(CPSS)was used to understand the degree of psychological stress of patients.The general data of the patients,the disease-related conditions of the patients,psychological and social factors were recorded,and the risk factors affecting the psychological stress of the patients were analyzed.Results The CPSS score of 108 patients was 32.02±8.30.The patient's age,gender,visual acuity,resilience,disease knowledge and family care were correlated with the patient's psychological stress.After the above factors were included in the stepwise regression analysis,age and resilience factors were excluded.Gender,visual acuity grading,disease knowledge mastery and family care were independent risk factors affecting patients'psychological stress.Among them,the regression coefficient of disease knowledge mastery is the highest,which has the greatest impact on patients'psychological pressure.Conclusion The psychological stress of newly diagnosed wAMD patients is generally high,and the changes of psychological stress level should be paid attention to in clinical practice.Gender,mastery of disease knowledge and family care are independent risk factors affecting patients'psychological pressure.In clinical practice,individualized psychological nursing measures and health education should be given to patients according to their actual situation,so as to reduce their psychological pressure and avoid the occurrence of negative emotions.

关 键 词：渗出性年龄相关性黄斑变性 脉络膜新生血管 心理压力 护理 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学]