蔬菜精量施肥装置设计与试验研究  

Design and Experimental Research on Precision Fertilization Device for Vegetables

作　　者：姜宇彤 张靖炀 刘茁 牟桐雨 何坤豫 王春光 刘春山[1] JIANG Yutong;ZHANG Jingyang;LIU Zhuo;MU Tongyu;HE Kunyu;WAGN Chunguang;LIU Chunshan(College of Mechanical Engineering,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi 154007,China;College of Information and Electronic Technology,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi 154007,China;College of Rehabilitation and Nursing,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi 154000,China)

机构地区：[1]佳木斯大学机械工程学院,黑龙江佳木斯154007 [2]佳木斯大学信息电子技术学院,黑龙江佳木斯154007 [3]佳木斯大学康复护理医学院,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《农机使用与维修》2025年第3期12-19,共8页Agricultural Machinery Using & Maintenance

基　　金：黑龙江省大学生创新创业项目(S202310222123X)。

摘　　要：针对蔬菜种植前土地基肥的肥力要求,以及施肥不均匀的问题,设计了一种精量施肥装置。该文介绍了施肥机的工作原理,并对精量施肥装置的机架进行了静力学仿真分析和模态分析,对应力较大的部分进行改进,从而保证蔬菜精量施肥装置的稳定性。对施肥装置进行了性能检测试验,试验结果表明:影响变异系数的主次因素顺序为喷施高度、喷头间距、喷头总流量,最优工艺组合为A1B2C2,即喷施高度0.5 m、喷头间距0.4 m、喷头总流量2.0 L/min。该装置可以达到基肥的肥力要求范围,并且能够实现氮磷钾三种肥料及水分的定量出料,提高了施肥装置的精量效果,对精准施肥技术及施肥装置的研制具有重要意义。In order to solve the fertility requirements of soil base fertilizer and the problem of uneven fertilization before vegetable planting,a precision fertilization device was designed.In this paper,the working principle of the fertilizer applicator is introduced,and the static simulation analysis and modal analysis are carried out on the frame of the precision fertilization device,and the part with greater stress is improved,so as to ensure the stability of the vegetable precision fertilization device.The results show that the main and secondary factors affecting the coefficient of variation are spraying height,sprinkler spacing,and total sprinkler flow,and the optimal process combination is A 1B 2C 2,that is,the spraying height is 0.5 m,the sprinkler spacing is 0.4 m,and the total nozzle flow rate is 2.0 L/min.The device can reach the fertility requirements of the base fertilizer,and can realize the quantitative discharge of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and water,which improves the precision effect of the fertilization device,and is of great significance to the development of precision fertilization technology and fertilization device.

关 键 词：精量施肥 ANSYS 正交试验 

分 类 号：S149[农业科学—肥料学]