祁连山高寒地区野血牦牛与家牦牛杂交对牦牛犊抗逆性生长的影响  

The Effect of Crossbreeding Wild Blood Yak and Domestic Yak in the High-altitude Area of Qilian Mountains on the Stress Resistance Growth of Yak Calves

作　　者：边尚全 王新华 杨庆 董子龙 BIAN Shangquan;WANG Xinhua;YANG Qing;DONG Zilong(Liangzhou District Livestock and Veterinary Technology Promotion Center,Wuwei Gansu 733000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省武威市凉州区畜牧兽医技术推广中心,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《现代畜牧科技》2025年第2期67-69,共3页Modern Animal Husbandry Science & Technology

基　　金：甘肃省重点研发科技计划项目(23YFNG0001)。

摘　　要：利用野血牦牛产肉性能、繁殖性能、抗逆性等远高于家牦牛的生理优势,与家牦牛杂交,进一步提纯复壮家牦牛,提高家牦牛个体生产性能,探索高寒地区牦牛养殖增效增收的新路径。在牧场选取32头出生1周龄(7日龄)的哺乳犊牦牛作为参试牛群,参试犊牛日龄误差1~2日龄。试验设对照组和参试组2个组,每个组设参试牛16头,预试期7 d,在这期间,统一测量试验期初犊牦牛的体重、体尺,参试牛的登记等正试期的前期准备工作;正试期180 d。1/2野血牦牛体格长速高于家牦牛,犊牛期日增重较家牦牛增加63.89 g,6月龄犊牛活重较家牦牛增加17.6 kg,犊牛期成活率较家牦牛提高6.25个百分点。研究表明,在家牦牛中导入野血牦牛血液可提高家牦牛综合生产性能和抗逆性,是高寒地区可推广的一种牦牛繁育技术。To utilize the physiological advantages of wild blood yaks,such as meat production performance,reproductive performance,and stress resistance,which are far superior to domestic yaks,and crossbreed with domestic yaks to further purify and rejuvenate domestic yaks,improve their individual production performance,and explore new paths for increasing efficiency and income in yak breeding in high-altitude regions.32 lactating yaks born at 1 week of age(7 days old)were selected as the test herd on the pasture,with a daily age error of 1~2 days for the test calves.The experiment was conducted in two groups:a control group and a reference group.Each group consisted of 16 test cows,with a pre-test period of 7 days.During this period,the weight and body size of the calves and yaks at the beginning of the trial period were measured,and the registration of the test cows and other preparatory work for the main trial period were carried out;The trial period is 180 days.1/2 wild blood yaks have a faster physical growth rate than domestic yaks.The daily weight gain during the calf stage increased by 63.89 g compared to domestic yaks,and the live weight of 6-month-old calves increased by 17.6 kg compared to domestic yaks.The survival rate during the calf stage increased by 6.25 percentage points compared to domestic yaks.This indicates that introducing wild blood yak blood into domestic yaks can improve their comprehensive production performance and stress resistance,and is a yak breeding technique that can be promoted in high-altitude regions.

关 键 词：牦牛 生长发育 抗逆性 

分 类 号：S823.85[农业科学—畜牧学]