青海牦牛精子活力与冷冻保存技术的关系研究  

Research on the Relationship between Spermatozoa Viability and Cryopreservation Technology in Qinghai Yaks

作　　者：李景 LI Jing(Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources Protection and Utilization Center in Qinghai Province,Xi'ning Qinghai 810003,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省畜禽遗传资源保护利用中心,青海西宁810003

出　　处：《现代畜牧科技》2025年第2期75-77,共3页Modern Animal Husbandry Science & Technology

基　　金：重大科技专项-农村处(青海省科技计划项目):牦牛、藏羊遗传资源挖掘与创新利用(2021-NK-A5)。

摘　　要：青海牦牛是当地畜牧业的重要经济来源,其繁殖能力对当地畜牧生产具有重要影响。然而,牦牛精子冷冻保存技术存在一定难题,尤其是精子在冷冻过程中活力下降显著。为探究青海牦牛精子在冷冻保存过程中活力下降的问题,采用健康青海牦牛的精液样本,分别使用甘油、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、乙二醇冷冻保护剂进行处理,并通过快速冷冻和慢速冷冻技术进行保存。最后通过检测精子活力、顶体完整率和顶体蛋白酶活性评估精子活力。结果表明,甘油作为冷冻保护剂对精子活力的保护效果最佳,而慢速冷冻技术显著优于快速冷冻技术。优化后的冷冻保存技术能有效提高青海牦牛的精子存活率与受精能力,为青海牦牛的人工授精和规模化繁殖提供科学依据。Qinghai yak(Bos grunniens)is an important economic source for local livestock husbandry,and its reproductive ability has an important impact on local livestock production.However,there are certain difficulties in the technique of yak sperm cryopreservation,especially the significant decrease in sperm viability during the freezing process.In order to investigate the problem of decreased sperm viability during cryopreservation in Qinghai yaks,semen samples from healthy Qinghai yaks were used and treated with various cryoprotectants,such as glycerol,dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO),and ethylene glycol,respectively,and preserved by fast freezing and slow freezing techniques.Finally,sperm viability was assessed by detecting sperm viability,acrosomal protease activity,and combined fertilization rate.The results showed that glycerol as a cryoprotectant had the best effect on sperm viability,while the slow freezing technique was significantly better than the rapid freezing technique.The optimized cryopreservation technique can effectively improve the sperm viability and fertilization ability of Qinghai yaks,which in turn provides a scientific basis for artificial insemination and large-scale breeding of Qinghai yaks.

关 键 词：青海高原牦牛 精子活力 冷冻保存 养牛业 

分 类 号：S823.85[农业科学—畜牧学]