新型农村金融机构发挥支农作用了吗--来自中国1806个县域的证据  

Does the New Rural Financial Institutions Play a Role in Supporting Agriculture--Evidence from 1806 Counties in China

作　　者：宋文豪[1] 黄祖辉[2] 李夏欣 叶春辉[2] Song Wenhao;Huang Zuhui;Li Xiaxin;Ye Chunhui

机构地区：[1]浙江大学共享与发展研究院 [2]浙江大学中国农村发展研究院

出　　处：《经济学家》2025年第2期118-128,共11页Economist

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“数字化赋能农业全产业链融合的机制与高质量发展路径研究”(22&ZD081)。

摘　　要：作为农村金融增量改革的核心产物,新型农村金融机构已经成为中国农村金融体系的重要组成部分,在服务“三农”方面发挥着不可或缺的作用。本文使用2000-2021年中国1806个县的面板数据,探究新型农村金融机构发展对农业增长的影响及其机制。研究发现:新型农村金融机构发展显著促进了农业增长。分机构类型来看,村镇银行和小额贷款公司发展能够显著促进农业增长,而农村资金互助社尚未对农业增长产生显著影响。从区域层面来看,相较于东部地区,中西部地区的新型农村金融机构发展对农业增长的促进效应更强。机制分析表明,新型农村金融机构发展可以提高农业经营主体的信贷资金可得性,进而促进资本生产要素替代加快和农业全要素生产率提升,最终实现农业的高质量增长。As the core product of rural financial incremental reform,the new rural financial institutions have become an important part of China's rural financial system,playing an indispensable role in serving the"three rural".This paper uses panel data from 1806 counties in China from 2000 to 2021 to explore the impact of new rural financial institutions on agricultural growth and its mechanisms.The study finds that:the development of new rural financial institutions significantly promotes agri⁃cultural growth.By institution type,the development of village and township banks and small loan companies significantly stimu⁃lates agricultural growth,while rural mutual aid funds have not yet had a significant impact.At the regional level,the promotion effect of new rural financial institutions on agricultural growth is stronger in the central and western regions compared to the east⁃ern region.Mechanism analysis indicates that the development of new rural financial institutions can improve the availability of credit funds for agricultural operators,thereby accelerating the substitution of capital production factors and enhancing agricul⁃tural total factor productivity,ultimately achieving high-quality agricultural growth.

关 键 词：农村金融 新型农村金融机构 农业增长 农业强国 

分 类 号：F323.9[经济管理—产业经济]