精准扶贫对缩小城乡收入差距的影响分析--以重庆市为例  

Analysis of the impact of targeted poverty alleviation on narrowing the urban-rural income gap:Taking Chongqing as an example

作　　者：杨人懿 杨子生[1,2] 钟昌标 贺一梅 杨金蓉 YANG Renyi;YANG Zisheng;ZHONG Changbiao;HE Yimei;YANG Jinrong(Institute of Land&Resources and Sustainable Development,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China;Institute of Targeted Poverty Alleviation and Development,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China;School of Economics,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China;School of Tourism and Hospitality Management,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China)

机构地区：[1]云南财经大学国土资源与持续发展研究所,昆明650221 [2]云南财经大学精准扶贫与发展研究院,昆明650221 [3]云南财经大学经济学院,昆明650221 [4]云南财经大学旅游与酒店管理学院,昆明650221

出　　处：《世界地理研究》2025年第2期155-167,共13页World Regional Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41261018、71673182);国家社会科学基金重大项目(18VSJ023)。

摘　　要：2014年以来实施的精准扶贫政策,是中国扶贫史上的重大战略转型,这一举世瞩目的政策能否缩小了城乡收入差距,其效果究竟如何亟须一个精准的科学评估。针对现有研究缺乏政策实施的区域差异性探讨以及影响机制分析等不足等问题,本研究以重庆市为例,选取2011—2020年该市37个县(区)(不含渝中区)的面板数据进行实证检验,采用贫困分级方法将该市37个县(区)划分为Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级非贫困县以及Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级贫困县,运用双重差分模型精确评估精准扶贫政策对缩小城乡收入差距的效应及其区域差异性,揭示其特点和规律。研究结果表明:①重庆市城乡收入差距呈现较为明显的空间分异特征;②精准扶贫政策促使贫困县城乡收入比相比非贫困县而言显著缩小;③精准扶贫政策在Ⅱ级非贫困县和Ⅰ级贫困县之间有较显著的作用差异,其作用效果大致呈现“Ⅰ级非贫困县≤Ⅱ级非贫困县<Ⅰ级贫困县≤Ⅱ级贫困县≤Ⅲ级贫困县”的规律;④精准扶贫有效促进了贫困地区的农村居民增收,从而缩小了城乡收入差距。A precise scientific assessment whether the targeted poverty alleviation policy narrowing the urban-rural income gap and its effect are urgently needed.In view of the existing research lack of regional differences of policy implementation and impact mechanism analysis,the panel data of 37 counties(districts)of Chongqing from 2011 to 2020 were selected for empirical test,and they were divided into non-poverty counties of gradeⅠand gradeⅡand poverty counties of gradeⅠ,gradeⅡand gradeⅢ,and the DID model was used to accurately evaluate the effect of targeted poverty alleviation policy and its regional differences on narrowing urban-rural income gap.The research results indicate that:①The urban-rural income gap in Chongqing shows significant spatial differentiation characteristics;②The targeted poverty alleviation policy has significantly narrowed the urban-rural income ratio in poverty-stricken counties by 0.0413 compared to non-poverty counties;③There is a significant difference in the effectiveness of the targeted poverty alleviation policy between non-poverty counties of gradeⅡand poverty-stricken counties of gradeⅠ,with a general feature of"non-poverty counties of gradeⅠ≤non-poverty counties of gradeⅡ<poverty counties of gradeⅠ≤poverty counties of gradeⅡ≤poverty counties of gradeⅢ";④The targeted poverty alleviation policy has effectively promoted the increase of rural residents'income in poverty areas,thereby further narrowing the urban-rural income gap.

关 键 词：精准扶贫政策 城乡收入差距 贫困分级 区域差异性 双重差分模型 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]