国际核不扩散体系面临的挑战及中国大国作为  

The Challenges Facing the International Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime and China's Role as a Major Country

作　　者：杨黎泽 吴金淮 Yang Lize;Wu Jinhuai

机构地区：[1]中山大学国际关系学院 [2]中国军控与裁军协会

出　　处：《国家安全研究》2025年第1期84-102,157,158,共21页China security studies

摘　　要：近年来,国际核不扩散体系三大支柱面临多方挑战,国际核安全形势严峻性日益凸显。在防止核武器扩散领域,部分主权国家的核合作和一些非国家行为体的核材料走私行为构成严重核扩散风险;在核裁军领域,美俄暂停履行《新削减战略武器条约》,并不断强化核力量,全球核平衡有失控可能;在和平利用核能领域,个别西方国家大搞“双重标准”,他国和平利用核能的合法权利有遭无视之情。这主要是国际安全形势恶化、美国对外政策作用负面,以及《不扩散核武器条约》宗旨原则遭冲击所致。面对全球安全局势紧张和国际军控秩序动荡,中国展现出了负责任的大国担当,在倡议理念、国际合作和国内立法三方面支持和维护国际核不扩散体系,为推进国际核军控贡献了中国智慧与中国方案。Multiple challenges have arisen in recent years confronting the three pillars of the international nuclear non-proliferation regime,and the international nuclear security situation has continued to worsen.In the field of nuclear non-proliferation,nuclear cooperation between certain sovereign states and the smuggling of nuclear materials by non-state actors have posed serious proliferation risks.In the field of nuclear disarmament,the United States and Russia have suspended their participation in the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty but instead strengthened their nuclear forces,and the global nuclear balance risks running out of control.In the field of the peaceful use of nuclear energy,double standards have become a modus operandi for some Western countries,which ignore others'legitimate right to utilize nuclear energy peacefully.These trends are primarily attributable to the deterioration of the international security situation,the negative fallout of US foreign policy,and significant flaws in the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.Faced with the tense global security situation and the turbulence afflicting the international arms control order,China has lived up to its responsibility as a major country,supporting and maintaining the international nuclear non-proliferation regime through initiatives and concepts,international cooperation,and domestic legislation.China has offered wisdom and solutions for the advancement of international nuclear arms control.

关 键 词：核不扩散 核军控 核裁军 全球安全倡议 

分 类 号：D815.2[政治法律—国际关系] D822[政治法律—政治学]