砂泥岩互层坝基渗漏问题及处理措施研究  

Study on the Seepage Problem of the Dam Foundation in Sandstone-mudstone Interbedded Strata and the Treatment Measures

作　　者：温立峰[1] 王民侠[2] 张晨 Wen Lifeng;Wang Minxia;Zhang Chen(State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China;Shaanxi Institute of Water Resources and Electric Power Investigation,Design and Research,Xi'an 710005,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学旱区水工程生态环境全国重点实验室,西安710048 [2]陕西省水利电力勘测设计研究院(集团)有限公司,西安710005

出　　处：《西北水电》2025年第1期78-86,共9页Northwest Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2443230,52479132)。

摘　　要：砂泥岩互层地区地层渗透结构具有明显的各向异性特征,对修建于其上大坝的坝基渗流安全带来了严峻挑战。为研究修建于砂泥岩互层地区的大坝渗漏原因和坝基渗流场分布规律,在分析砂泥岩互层的地质特点,总结砂泥岩互层地质渗流结构的基础上,采用数据统计方法,分析砂泥岩地区上已建大坝的渗漏原因,提出相应的砂泥岩互层地区建坝防渗措施的建议。以砂泥岩互层地基上的普化工程为工程实例,采用连续介质渗流有限元分析方法,建立三维渗流计算模型,分析砂泥岩互层地区大坝坝基渗流场分布规律。结果表明:砂泥岩互层地区地质构造复杂,其渗流特性具有明显的各项异性,砂岩和泥岩互层间常发育X状高角度张裂隙,库水通常沿砂岩和泥岩层理结合面产生渗漏通道;裂隙是砂泥岩互层地区坝基渗漏的主要原因,由裂隙引发的大坝渗漏约占总体渗漏的60%;大坝渗流量随着坝高和坝顶长度的增加具有增加的趋势,渗流量与坝高和坝长之间显现出明显的相关性。砂泥岩互层地质的渗流各向异性给坝体和坝基带来了更大的渗流风险,地层各向异性会使得工程区渗流量和岩体水力坡降增大,不利于山体渗透稳定。The formation seepage structure in the sandstone-mudstone interbedded area has obvious anisotropic characteristics,which poses a severe challenge to the seepage safety of the dam foundation of the dam built on it.In order to study the seepage causes of the dam built in the sandstone-mudstone interbedded area and the distribution law of the seepage field of the dam foundation,based on the analysis of the geological characteristics of the sandstone-mudstone interbedded strata and the summary of the seepage structure of the sandstone-mudstone interbedded geology,a data statistical method is used to analyze the seepage causes of the existing dams in the sandstone-mudstone area,and corresponding suggestions for the seepage control measures for dam construction in the sandstone-mudstone interbedded area are put forward.Taking the Puhua Project on the sandstone-mudstone interbedded foundation as an engineering example,a continuous medium seepage finite element analysis method is adopted to establish a three-dimensional seepage calculation model,and the distribution law of the seepage field of the dam foundation of the dam in the sandstone-mudstone interbedded area is analyzed.The results show that the geological structure in the sandstone-mudstone interbedded area is complex,and its seepage characteristics are obviously anisotropic.X-shaped high-angle tension fractures are often developed between the interbedded sandstone and mudstone,and the reservoir water usually generates seepage channels along the bedding joint surface of the sandstone and mudstone.Fractures are the main cause of the seepage of the dam foundation in the sandstone-mudstone interbedded area,and the dam seepage caused by fractures accounts for about 60%of the total seepage.The seepage volume of the dam shows an increasing trend with the increase of the dam height and the length of the dam crest,and there is an obvious correlation between the seepage volume and the dam height and the dam length.The seepage anisotropy of the sandstone-mudstone interbedd

关 键 词：砂泥岩互层 渗流 防渗措施 坝基渗漏 

分 类 号：TV641.4[水利工程—水利水电工程]