两种苗后除草剂对蒲公英田杂草防控及其品质的影响  

Effects of two post-emergence herbicides on weed control and quality in dandelion

作　　者：蒋欣梅 司晓慧 程瑶 刘俊霞 佟雪姣 张丽莉[2] 刘秀波[3] 刘维丽 马伟[4] JIANG Xinmei;SI Xiaohui;CHENG Yao;LIU Junxia;TONG Xuejiao;ZHANG Lili;LIU Xiubo;LIU Weili;MA Wei(School of Horticulture and Landscape,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;School of Agriculture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Jiamusi College,Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Jiamusi Heilongjiang 154007,China;College of Pharmacy,Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学园艺园林学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]东北农业大学农学院,哈尔滨150030 [3]黑龙江中医药大学佳木斯学院,黑龙江·佳木斯154007 [4]黑龙江中医药大学药学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2024年第8期70-79,共10页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发课题(2021YFD1600901,2021YFD1600902);黑龙江省“双一流”建设优势特色学科“中药生物遗传学”;黑龙江省现代农业产业技术协同创新体系项目。

摘　　要：蒲公英是一种药食同源植物,具有较高的药用价值和保健功效,实际生产中除草困难,且市场中蒲公英田专用除草剂较少。以3年生蒲公英为试验材料,采用露地盆栽模拟试验,研究两种除草剂(质量分数为10%精喹禾灵乳油和质量分数为3%甲基二磺隆乳油)单独施用及混合施用对杂草防效和蒲公英生长的影响。结果表明:无论是单独施用还是混合施用,两种除草剂均随施药量增加,杂草防效显著增加,但蒲公英安全性逐渐下降。通过综合评价,确定适合蒲公英田的除草剂为900 mL·hm^(-2)10%精喹禾灵乳油,该处理下杂草总防效高于80%,各时期药害分级均小于1,蒲公英地上部和地下部鲜质量、可溶性蛋白质质量分数、绿原酸质量分数均高于其他处理。Dandelion is a plant with homology of medicine and food,and has high medicinal values and health care efficacy.However,weed removal is difficult in actual production,and there is a lack of special herbicides for dandelion fields in the market.In the experiment,three-year-old dandelion was as the test material with open field potted simulation test to study the effects of single application and mixed application of two herbicides(10%quizalofop-p-ethyl emulsifiable concentrate and 3%mesosulfuron-methyl emulsifiable concentrate)on weed control effects and dandelion growth.The results showed that whether the two herbicides were applied alone or in combination,with the increase of application amount,the weed control effects increased significantly,but the safety of dandelion gradually decreased.Through comprehensive evaluation,the herbicide suitable for dandelion field was determined to be 900 mL·hm^(-2)10%quizalofop-p-ethyl emulsifiable concentrate.Under this treatment,the total weed control effect was higher than 80%,the phytotoxicity grades in each period were all less than one,and the fresh masses of the aboveground and underground parts of dandelion,soluble protein mass fraction and chlorogenic acid mass fraction were all higher than those in other treatments.

关 键 词：蒲公英 除草剂 杂草防控 安全性评价 

分 类 号：Q949.783.5[生物学—植物学] S482.4[农业科学—农药学]