异质生境对青藏高原光稃茅香分株、种穗相关表型性状的影响  

Effects of phenotypic traits of ramets and panicles of Anthoxanthum glabrum(Trin.)veldkamp in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau to heterogeneous habitats

作　　者：吕亮雨 蔡宗程 刘青青 沈成姬 高佩 韩燕[4] 常诗娅 施建军[1,2,3] LYU Liangyu;CAI Zongcheng;LIU Qingqing;SHEN Chengji;GAO Pei;HAN Yan;CHANG Shiya;SHI Jianjun(Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;School of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management of Alpine Grassland in Qinghai Province,Xining 810016,China;State Key Laboratory of Sanjiangyuan Ecology and Plateau Agriculture and Animal Husbandry jointly established by Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,西宁810016 [2]青海大学农牧学院,西宁810016 [3]高寒草地适应性管理青海省重点实验室(青海大学),西宁810016 [4]省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室(青海大学),西宁810016

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2024年第8期80-90,共11页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201600);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK1002)。

摘　　要：表型性状是植物适应环境变化并对生态系统产生影响的重要属性,研究植物与环境间关系具有重要意义。以青藏高原大武滩不同生境光稃茅香为研究对象,分析5种不同生境条件下光稃茅香冠幅、营养枝长度、穗长、种子质量、种子纵横径等,11个植株表型性状变异特征、相关性及其与土壤生态因子间的关系。结果表明:湿生生境下光稃茅香冠幅、生殖枝长、种穗等表型性状显著优于旱生生境,表型性状在种群内和种群间的变异程度均较低,绝大部分变异系数未超过10%;旱生生境下变异系数大于湿生生境,分株相关表型性状变异系数大于种穗相关表型性状。光稃茅香表型性状之间的相关性因生境不同存在一定变化,5种生境中有5对表型性状指标间呈极显著相关(P<0.01),有21对呈显著相关(P<0.05);不同生境光稃茅香的原位土壤生态因子表现异质性特征,光稃茅香表型性状的变异是含水量、pH、有机质质量分数、电导率、全氮质量分数、全磷质量分数、碱解氮质量分数和速效磷等土壤因子综合作用的结果,除土壤电导率与光稃茅香表型性状呈负相关外,其他各土壤因子均与光稃茅香表型性状呈正相关。光稃茅香通过自我调节表型性状以更好地适应不同的生存环境,在局域尺度上,不同生境的土壤因子是导致光稃茅香表型性状产生分异的主要因素。Phenotypic traits are important attributes for plants to adapt to environmental changes and influence the ecosystem,and it is important to study the relationship between phenotypic traits and the environment.The study was conducted on Anthoxanthum glabrum in different habitats in Dawutan on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.To analyze the characteristics of variation and correlations of 11 plant phenotypic traits,including crown width,nutrient branch length,spike length,thousand kernel weight,and longitudinal and transverse seed diameter,and their relationships with soil ecological factors in Anthoxanthum glabrum under five different habitat conditions.The results showed that phenotypic traits such as crown width,reproductive branch length,and seed spikes of Anthoxanthum glabrum were significantly better in the wet habitat than in the dry habitat,the degree of variation in phenotypic traits within and among populations was low,with the vast majority of coefficients of variation not exceeding 10 percent,the coefficient of variation was greater in dry habitats than in wet habitats,and the coefficient of variation for split-associated phenotypic traits was greater than that for spike-associated phenotypic traits.The correlations among phenotypic traits of Anthoxanthum glabrum varied somewhat depending on habitat,with five pairs of phenotypic trait indicators showing highly significant correlations among the five habitats(P<0.01)and 21 pairs showing significant correlations(P<0.05).Soil factors around Anthoxanthum glabrum root systems vary in different habitats,variation in phenotypic traits of Anthoxanthum glabrum was the result of a combination of soil factors such as water content,pH,organic matter,conductivity,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,alkaline-dissolved nitrogen,and quickacting phosphorus.All the soil factors were positively correlated with palea fescue phenotypic traits except soil conductivity,which was negatively correlated with Anthoxanthum glabrum phenotypic traits.Thus,Anthoxanthum glabrum self-regulate the

关 键 词：光稃茅香 植株表型性状 青藏高原 生境 土壤生态因子 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]