哪些研究更易产生政策影响——以学术论文分类与多维特征分析为路径  

What Kinds of Research Are More Likely to Generate Policy Impact:Taking Classification and Multidimensional Characteristics of Academic Articles as Pathways

作　　者：曹喆 尚媛媛 张琳 CAO Zhe;SHANG Yuanyuan;ZHANG Lin(School of Information Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan,430072;Center for Science,Technology&Education Assessment,Wuhan University,Wuhan,430072;Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Evaluation Studies,Beijing,100732)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学信息管理学院,武汉430072 [2]武汉大学科教管理与评价中心,武汉430072 [3]中国社会科学评价研究院,北京100732

出　　处：《图书情报知识》2025年第1期6-17,28,共13页Documentation,Information & Knowledge

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“从测度到理解:跨学科研究的成果分类、合作模式与影响扩散研究”(72374160);中国科协研究生科普能力提升项目“科研成果社会传播的路径分析与策略研究”(KXYJS2024016)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]支撑政策制定是科研成果社会价值的重要反映之一,但科研成果政策影响的复杂成因尚不明朗。聚焦政策影响产生的源头,探究不同类型学术论文产生政策影响的特征,相关结果能为科研管理者更好地理解和评估科研成果的社会价值提供实证依据。[研究设计/方法]从是否以政策为导向的研究动机和提供支撑性或引导性信息的研究内容两个维度出发,构建政策影响视角下学术论文分类的理论模型,基于论文摘要设计类型划分的具体实现路径。以生物医学领域研究为例开展实证研究,围绕“政策影响扩散→多元影响比较→研究主体回溯”分析思路,设计多维测度指标,揭示不同类型论文的特征异同。[结论/发现]在有政策引用的论文中,以政策为导向的行动建议型和决策支持型论文较多;而在高政策引用的论文中,提供支撑性信息的信息提供型和决策支持型论文较多。四类论文被政策引用的即时性与持续性,施引机构和国家的多样性,均呈现出差异化特征;四类论文在不同场景中,特别是在网络传播和政策支撑两个场域之间,具有相对一致的影响力水平;从主体视角回溯政策影响的成因,发现国际合作有助于促进政策影响的产生,而不同国家产出的四类论文及其政策影响特征各具特色。[创新/价值]构建政策影响视角下学术论文的分类模型和实现路径,为剖析和理解学术论文的政策影响提供新的理论框架与方法指导。[Purpose/Significance]Supporting policy formulation is one of the significant reflections of the societal value of scientific research achievements,yet the intricate mechanisms of policy impact of scientific research achievements still remain unclear.This study focuses on the origins of policy impact,investigating the characteristics of policy impact produced by different types of academic papers.The relevant results can provide empirical evidence for scientific research managers to better understand and evaluate the societal value of scientific research achievements.[Design/Methodology]By delineating two primary dimensions of whether the research motivation is policy-oriented and whether the research content provides supportive or persuasive information,we construct a theoretical model for categorizing research articles in terms of policy impact.The specific implementation pathway for classifying different types is designed based on the abstracts of articles.Using articles within the field of biomedicine as an example,and following a framework of"policy impact diffusion–diverse impact comparison–research entity retrospective"to design multidimensional indicators,an empirical research is conducted to reveal the similarities and differences among different types of articles.[Findings/Conclusion]Among the articles with policy citations,policy-oriented papers under the types of action recommendation and decision support are more prevalent.Meanwhile,among the subset of articles with high policy citation counts,there is a higher proportion of papers that offer supportive information under the types of information provision and decision support.The immediacy and persistence of policy citations,along with the diversity of citing institutions and countries,all exhibit differentiated characteristics among these four types of articles.These articles demonstrate relatively consistent influence levels across different scenarios,particularly between online dissemination and policy support domains.From the subject perspect

关 键 词：政策影响 论文分类 研究动机 研究内容 科研评价 

分 类 号：G353.1[文化科学—情报学]