沼泽红假单胞菌与浮水植物联用对模拟养殖水体中氮、磷和微生物群落的影响研究  

Effects of Rhodopseudomonas palustris in combination with floating plants on nitrogen,phosphorus and microbial community in simulated aquaculture water

作　　者：刘金金 李建忠 刘智俊 LIU Jinjin;LI Jianzhong;LIU Zhijun(Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute,Shanghai Fisheries Technical Extension Station,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市水产研究所(上海市水产技术推广站),上海200433

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2025年第2期3-15,共13页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：上海市科技兴农创新项目(2022-02-08-00-12-F01165)。

摘　　要：为探讨沼泽红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas palustris)与浮水植物联用对养殖水体的影响,将沼泽红假单胞菌分别与黄花水龙、大薸联用处理模拟养殖水体,监测水中氮、磷含量变化情况,采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术分析植物根周水体微生物群落特征。结果显示:沼泽红假单胞菌与黄花水龙联用对TN、TP和CODMn的去除率分别为21.55%~83.43%、13.39%~27.38%和45.60%~90.60%,沼泽红假单胞菌与大薸联用对TN、TP和CODMn的去除率分别为18.10%~83.30%、15.66%~33.13%和77.19%~95.76%,高碳氮比条件下沼泽红假单胞菌与浮水植物联用水质净化效果更优。添加沼泽红假单胞菌显著提高了浮水植物根周水体中微生物群落丰富度,对物种多样性影响不显著。沼泽红假单胞菌的添加改变了浮水植物根周水体中微生物优势种的组成,沼泽红假单胞菌与黄花水龙联用组根周水体的优势物种为Reyranella、柄杆菌属(Caulobacter)、食酸菌属(Acidovorax)和根瘤菌属(Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium),沼泽红假单胞菌与大薸联用组根周水体的优势物种为纤维弧菌属(Cellvibrio)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、固氮螺菌属(Azospira)和Pannonibacter。结果表明,沼泽红假单胞菌与浮水植物联用组根周水体中优势菌属主要参与有机物的降解和反硝化作用。Floating plants play an essential role in establishing green,ecological,and healthy aquaculture environments.These plants absorb and utilize nutrients such as nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)from aquaculture water through their tissues and regulate the surrounding aquatic microenvironment via the microbial community associated with their roots,thereby influencing aquaculture production.Microbial agents are also widely used in environmental management,so many researchers have investigated the use of microbial agents in conjunction with floating plants.Rhodopseudomonas palustris is a commonly used photosynthetic bacterium for fisheries,but studies on its association with floating plants are relatively rare.Besides,most related research has focused on reducing N and P levels following the combined use of microorganisms and aquatic plants,with less attention paid to changes in the microbial community within the aquatic environment surrounding plant roots.This study employed Rps.palustris in conjunction with Ludwigia peploides and Pistia stratiotes,respectively to explore the comprehensive effectiveness of the association between Rps.palustris and floating plants,and to treat simulated aquaculture water bodies in a laboratory setting.Water quality indicators such as total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)were continuously monitored,and the microbial community structures in peri-root water were analyzed using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed the removal rates of TN,TP,and chemical oxygen demand(COD Mn)by Rps.palustris combined with L.peploides ranged from 21.55%to 83.43%,13.39%to 27.38%and 45.60%to 90.60%,respectively.When Rps.palustris was coupled with P.stratiotes,the removal of TN,TP and COD Mn were between 18.10%to 83.30%,15.66%to 33.13%,and 77.19%to 95.76%,respectively.When the ratio of COD Mn to TN in the experimental water was low(1.5±0.1),the removal of N and P was increased by adding Rps.palustris to floating plants,primarily relying on plant utilization and the synergistic eff

关 键 词：沼泽红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas palustris) 黄花水龙(Ludwigia peploides) 大薸(Pistia stratiotes) 16S rRNA高通量测序 氮磷去除 微生物群落 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]