环氧树脂基复合材料低温物性测量技术及相关物性研究进展  

Measurement Techniques for Low-temperature Physical Properties andRelated Research Progress on Physical Properties ofEpoxy Resin-Based Composite Materials

作　　者：黄荣进[1,2] 周正荣 王永光 刘辉明 吴智雄[1] 张恒成[1] 张泓玮[1,2] 李来风 HUANG Rongjin;ZHOU Zhengrong;WANG Yongguang;LIU Huiming;WU Zhixiong;ZHANG Hengcheng;ZHANG Hongwei;LI Laifeng(Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology,Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190;School of Future Technology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Key Laboratory of High-Performance Intelligent Sensors and Detection System of Hunan Province,The 48th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation,Changsha 410111,Hunan;Inspur Electronic Information Industry Co.Ltd.,Jinan 250000,Shandong)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所低温科学与技术重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学未来技术学院,北京100049 [3]中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所高性能智能传感器及检测系统湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410111 [4]浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司,山东济南250000

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第3期312-326,F0002,共16页Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(XDB25040300);湖南省科学技术厅重点领域研发计划项目(2023GK2043);长沙市科技重大专项(KH2401009)。

摘　　要：超导磁体因其体积小、重量轻、磁场稳定和强度高等优点,在医疗、交通运输、工业生产及大型科学工程等领域中发挥了重要作用.在大型高场超导磁体中,绝缘系统作为关键组成部分,确保了磁体的稳定与安全运行.绝缘材料需要在强磁场和极低温等恶劣环境下工作,因此必须满足低温高强度、高韧性、电绝缘性及与导体热膨胀系数匹配等多项要求.环氧树脂因其优异的电绝缘性、耐腐蚀性以及易加工等,被广泛应用于低温超导磁体的绝缘系统,主要用于固定超导线圈、提供机械支撑和绝缘,因而对超导磁体的安全稳定运行至关重要.然而,环氧树脂在超导磁体运行中面临强磁场等极端环境时,往往表现出强度不足、韧性差和热导率低等缺点.因此,研发适合超导磁体特殊工作环境的高性能环氧树脂基复合材料显得尤为重要.主要探讨在低温环境下对环氧树脂及其复合材料的物理性能与测试方法,重点关注导热性能、电老化性能和力学性能3个方面,并总结当前研究的不足,为进一步研究环氧树脂及其复合材料在低温下的行为及相关测试技术提供新的参考.Superconducting magnets play a significant role in various fields, including medical applications, transportation, industrial production, and large-scale scientific projects, due to their small volume, lightweight, stable magnetic fields, and high intensity. In high-field large superconducting magnets, the insulation system is a critical component that ensures the stability and safe operation of the magnet. The insulation materials must function effectively under harsh conditions, including strong magnetic fields and extremely low temperatures, thus requiring characteristics such as high strength, high toughness, electrical insulation, and compatibility with the thermal expansion coefficient of the conductors at low-temperatures. Epoxy resin is widely used in the insulation systems of cryogenic superconducting magnets due to its excellent mechanical and insulating properties at low-temperatures. It primarily serves to secure the superconducting coils, provides mechanical support, and offers insulation, making it essential for the safe and stable operation of superconducting magnets. However, epoxy resin often exhibits insufficient strength, poor toughness, and low thermal conductivity when exposed to the extreme environments encountered in superconducting magnet operation. Therefore, the development of high-performance epoxy resin-based composites suitable for the unique operational conditions of superconducting magnets is of paramount importance. This paper primarily explores the research conducted on the physical properties and testing methods of epoxy resin and its composites in a cryogenic environment, with a particular emphasis on three aspects: thermal conductivity, electrical aging properties, and mechanical properties. Additionally, it summarizes the shortcomings of the current research and sets forth new requirements for further studies on the behavior of epoxy resin and its composites at low temperatures and the associated testing techniques.

关 键 词：低温物性 复合材料 环氧树脂 测试技术 

分 类 号：TB663[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TB35