地下洞室开挖爆破对初期支护安全的影响综述  

Review of the Influence of Underground Chamber Excavation and Blasting on the Safety of Initial Support

作　　者：张振康 赵根[1] 胡英国[1] 刘美山[1] ZHANG Zhenkang;ZHAO Gen;HU Yingguo;LIU Meishan(Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of the Ministry of Water Resources,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]长江科学院水利部岩土力学与工程重点实验室,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《长江技术经济》2025年第1期96-102,共7页Technology and Economy of Changjiang

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52279093,52079009);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2023187/YT)。

摘　　要：通过查阅国内外大量文献,综述了爆破对初期支护的影响机理研究现状与进展,分析了地下工程建设最常见的锚喷支护中喷射混凝土和砂浆锚杆的破坏机理;介绍了常用的爆破作用下围岩初期支护结构响应的预测模型和方法,以及考虑初期支护龄期和入射波频率的几种安全标准,最后指出了现阶段发展存在的问题,如爆破对初期支护影响机理的研究仍滞后、计算方法和预测模型仍有局限性、现场检测手段亟待发展等。By reviewing literature in China and abroad,we made a review on the current situation and progress of research on the mechanism of blasting influence on initial support,and expounded the damage mechanism of shotcrete and mortar anchors commonly used in anchor spray support for underground construction.Furthermore,we introduced the models and methods of predicting the response of initial support structure of surrounding rock under frequent blasting actions,and presented several safety standards that take into account the age of initial support and the frequency of incident wave.Finally,we identified some existing problems in current development:research on the mechanism of blasting’s impact on initial support has lagged,calculation methods and prediction models have limitations,and on-site inspection methods are in urgent need.

关 键 词：喷射混凝土 砂浆锚杆 爆破振动 预测方法 安全标准 

分 类 号：TB41[一般工业技术]