数字经济背景下不正当竞争行为法益分析模式的重构  

Reconstruction of the Legal Benefit Analysis Model of Unfair Competition in the Context of Digital Economy

作　　者：李勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学

出　　处：《竞争政策研究》2025年第1期46-62,共17页Competition Policy Research

基　　金：国家社科重大基金项目“中国反垄断法全过程实施模式研究”(23&ZD160);国家社科基金重点项目“完善市场监管中的权力配置及运行制约法律机制研究”(20AZD107)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：法益分析是认定不正当竞争行为的重要方式。传统经济背景下,不正当竞争行为的法益分析模式主要包含“侵权”分析模式和利益衡量分析模式,两种分析模式均以经营者利益为主导判断标准,这与传统经济下市场竞争的特性紧密相关。在当今的数字经济体系下,市场竞争领域产生了重大变革:经济模式由“生产型经济”向“消费型经济”转变,消费行为由“自我支配”向“算法支配”转变,竞争行为则由零和型竞争向非零和型竞争转变。这些转变都要求对数字时代下不正当竞争行为的法益分析模式进行重构,法益分析应当以多元利益衡量范式为原则,以“影响用户选择”标准为基点,借助比例原则的“重力公式”权衡法则架构起具体的分析机制。Benefit analysis is an important way to recognize unfair competition.Under the traditional economic background,the mode of legal benefit analysis of unfair competition mainly includes the"infringement"analysis mode and the analysis mode of interest measurement,both of which take the operator's interest as the dominant judgment criterion,which is closely related to the characteristics of market competition under the traditional economy.In today's digital economy,market competition has undergone significant changes:the economic model has changed from a"production-based economy"to a"consumption-based economy",the consumer behavior has changed from"self-dominance"to"algorithmic dominance",and the competitive behavior has changed from zero-sum competition to non-zero-sum competition.These changes require the reconstruction of the legal benefit analysis model of unfair competition in the digital era,which should be based on the principle of multi-interest measurement paradigm,with the criterion of"affecting users'choices"as the base,and the specific analysis mechanism is constructed by leveraging the"weight formula"of the proportionality principle to balance the rules.

关 键 词：反不正当竞争法 数字经济 法益分析 利益衡量 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]