气候和植被影响土壤理化性质及微生物对氮添加的响应——全球控制实验Meta分析  

Climate and vegetation influence the responses of soil and microbial traits to nitrogen addition:a meta⁃analysis of global manipulative experiments

作　　者：吴传敬 张雨雪 肖杨 孙建新[1] WU Chuanjing;ZHANG Yuxue;XIAO Yang;SUN Jianxin(School of Ecology and Nature Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;School of Life Sciences,Hebei University,Shijiazhuang 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院,北京100083 [2]河北大学生命科学学院,石家庄071000

出　　处：《生态学报》2025年第5期2152-2161,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31870426,31470623)。

摘　　要：氮添加会改变土壤养分状况及其理化性状,导致森林、草地生态系统凋落物输入的数量、质量发生变化。与此同时,微生物群落组成及其功能也会受氮添加影响发生改变进而影响土壤物质循环。然而不同气候、植被条件下土壤理化性质以及微生物对氮添加的响应可能存在差异。因此为更进一步明晰全球尺度上气候如何影响森林、草地土壤及其微生物性状对氮添加的响应,整合了涉及氮添加实验的137篇文献中188个实验样点共530组配对数据,采用Meta分析对不同条件下(植被类型、温度分区、干湿分区)主要土壤和微生物性状进行了系统性解析,揭示不同植被、温度、水分条件下氮添加对土壤以及微生物性状的影响。结果表明:氮添加导致全球尺度土壤pH显著降低4.16%,微生物总生物量降低5.05%,真菌生物量降低7.29%,细菌生物量降低7.92%;土壤有机碳(SOC)含量显著提高4.63%,总氮(TN)含量提高5.27%,β-葡糖糖苷酶(βG)活性提高8.2%。氮添加在不同植被、温度、水分分区均导致SOC显著增加,除热带地区外TN均显著增加。氮添加导致草地、温带、半干旱区等地区pH效应值下降幅度更大,表明初始pH值较高的地区氮添加引起的酸化作用更加明显。而微生物生物量仅在森林、热带、湿润区显著降低,表明氮添加对降水较高的地区土壤微生物生物量抑制更加明显。氮添加对森林、热带、湿润区土壤微生物酶活性影响不显著。研究表明土壤及微生物性状对氮添加的响应受到气候、植被因素的影响,因此全球范围内土壤、微生物性状对氮添加的响应强度和机制存在不同。研究结果这有利于提高土壤物质循环对全球变化响应的预测能力。Nitrogen addition causes changes in soil physicochemical properties and overall nutrient availability,and leads to alteration in the quantity and quality of litter input in forest and grassland ecosystems.The composition and function of microbial community also change under the influence of nitrogen addition,which in turn affect soil chemistry and nutrient cycling.However,the responses of soil physicochemical properties and microbial community composition to nitrogen addition may differ under different climatic and vegetation conditions.To better understand how climate affects the responses of soil properties and soil microbial traits to nitrogen deposition under natural vegetation globally,we compiled a dataset consisting of information from 137 published articles on nitrogen addition experiments at 188 study sites,and obtained a total of 530 paired data on absence vs.application of nitrogen addition treatments.To compare nitrogen addition effects among ecosystem types and climatic regions,we divided the database into different groups.First,data were categorized according to vegetation types as forests and grasslands.Next,three thermal climatic zones were identified and coded to data as tropical(23.4°S-23.4°N),subtropical(23.4°S-35°S or 23.4°N-35°N),and temperate(35°S-66°S or 35°N-66°N).Within each climatic zone,the data were further differentiated based on aridity index(AI)into humid(AI>1),semi⁃humid(0.5≤AI<1)and semi⁃arid(0.2<AI≤0.5)categories.Some of the key variables for soil properties and soil microbial traits under contrasting vegetation types and climatic conditions were examined by means of meta⁃analysis.Our results show that globally nitrogen addition significantly decreased soil pH by 4.16%,total microbial biomass(totPLFA)by 5.05%,fungal biomass by 7.29%,and bacterial biomass by 7.92%,respectively,but increased soil organic carbon(SOC)by 4.63%,total nitrogen(TN)by 5.27%,andβ⁃glucosidase(βG)activity by 8.2%,respectively.Nitrogen addition significantly increased SOC regardless of

关 键 词：气候 植被 土壤 氮添加 微生物 META分析 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]