用于实现一价阳离子筛分的离子通道研究进展  

Research progress of ion channels for achieving monovalent cation sieving

作　　者：姜明徽 张立卿 庞美晶 刘超 JIANG Minghui;ZHANG Liqing;PANG Meijing;LIU Chao(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,China;Shijiazhuang Sewage Treatment Co.,Ltd.Qiaodong Sewage Treatment Plant,Shijiazhuang 050024,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学土木建筑学院,山东济南250022 [2]石家庄污水处理有限公司桥东污水处理厂,河北石家庄050024

出　　处：《无机盐工业》2025年第3期9-17,共9页Inorganic Chemicals Industry

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(52100088);西部绿色建筑国家重点实验室培育基地开放研究基金项目(LSKF201807)。

摘　　要：随着一价阳离子在能源转化和储能、工业等传统产业转型升级过程中的广泛应用,一价阳离子混合物的高效分离成为重大需求。综述了基于新型分离膜材料的一价阳离子筛分技术,特别是纳米级、亚纳米级离子通道膜的设计与应用。重点分析了石墨烯、氧化石墨烯(GO)、金属有机框架(MOF)、冠醚、MXene和共价有机框架(COF)等材料在离子筛分中的创新应用,以及其在提高选择性和传输效率方面的潜力。进一步讨论了离子传输的规律性原理,如尺寸筛分、化学选择性及表面电荷等,揭示了材料结构与离子分离性能之间的内在联系。同时指出了当前面临的挑战,如膜的稳定性、规模化生产和成本效益等,并对未来研究方向进行了展望。With the extensive application of monovalent cations in the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries such as energy conversion and storage,industry,the efficient separation of monovalent cation mixtures has become a significant demand.The monovalent cation sieving technology based on new separation membrane materials was reviewed,especially the design and application of nanoscale and sub-nanoscale ion channel membranes.The innovative applications of materials such as graphene,graphene oxide(GO),metal-organic framework(MOF),crown ether,MXene,and covalent organic framework(COF)in ion-sieving and their potential to improve selectivity and transport efficiency were analyzed in detail.The regular principle of ion transport,such as size screening,chemical selectivity and surface charge etc.,was further discussed,and the intrinsic relationship between material structure and ion separation performance was revealed.At the same time,the current challenges,such as membrane stability,scale production and cost-effectiveness,were pointed out,and the future research direction was prospected.

关 键 词：离子筛分 一价阳离子 亚纳米级离子通道 选择性分离 离子膜 

分 类 号：TQ131.11[化学工程—无机化工]