表面活性剂对Ni(OH)_(2)电结晶过程的影响  

Effect of surfactants on electrocrystallization of Ni(OH)_(2)

作　　者：王友[1] 廖连珍[2] 陈政[1] 高友君[1] WANG You;LIAO Lianzhen;CHEN Zheng;GAO Youjun(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Calcium Carbonate Resources Comprehensive Utilization,College of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Hezhou University,Hezhou 542899,China;Student Department of Hezhou University,Hezhou 542899,China)

机构地区：[1]广西碳酸钙资源综合利用重点实验室,贺州学院材料与化学工程学院,广西贺州542899 [2]贺州学院学工处,广西贺州542899

出　　处：《无机盐工业》2025年第3期58-63,共6页Inorganic Chemicals Industry

基　　金：贺州学院博士科研启动基金项目(2024BSQD15);广西科技计划项目(桂科AD23023008);广西自然科学基金项目(2025GXNSFAA069670)。

摘　　要：以硝酸镍为镍源、泡沫镍为基底,研究电解质溶液中添加表面活性剂十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)和十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)对氢氧化镍在泡沫镍表面的电结晶过程的影响。物理模型结合电流-时间瞬态曲线研究了添加DTAB和SDBS对Ni(OH)_(2)在泡沫镍基底上的电结晶动力学的影响。同时,采用XRD、SEM和循环伏安测试研究了添加DTAB和SDBS对电沉积Ni(OH)_(2)的晶体结构、微观形貌及电容性能的影响。结果表明,添加DTAB和SDBS均可延长Ni(OH)_(2)的成核诱导时间并降低其电结晶速率,进而实现对Ni(OH)_(2)沉积形貌的调控。此外,DTA^(+)和Na^(+)在泡沫镍表面和Ni(OH)_(2)晶面的定向吸附,以及沉积过程中外来阴离子的嵌入对Ni(OH)_(2)微观结构造成不同程度的影响。XRD和SEM表征结果显示,添加DTAB和SDBS对Ni(OH)_(2)产物的结晶度影响较小,但对沉积产物的微观形貌影响显著,其中添加SDBS的沉积产物呈蓬松多孔的球形或类球形颗粒形貌。电化学测试结果表明,添加SDBS所得Ni(OH)_(2)的放电比电容最大,在10 mV/s扫描速率下放电比电容量为967.8 F/g。该研究可为电沉积产物形貌的调控提供一定借鉴。The effect of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(DTAB)and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS)on the electrocrystallization of nickel hydroxide on the surface of nickel foam was studied using nickel nitrate as the nickel source and nickel foam as the substrate.The effect of adding DTAB and SDBS on the electrocrystallization kinetics of Ni(OH)_(2)on nickel foam substrate was studied by physical model combined with current-time transient curves.The effects of DTAB and SDBS on the crystal structure,microstructure and capacitance of electrodeposited Ni(OH)_(2)were investigated by XRD,SEM and cyclic voltammetry.The results showed that the addition of DTAB and SDBS could prolong the nucleation induction time of Ni(OH)_(2)and reduce the electrocrystallization rate,so as to control the deposition morphology of Ni(OH)_(2).In addition,the orientation adsorption of DTA+and Na^(+)on the surface of nickel foam and Ni(OH)_(2)crystal plane and the embedding of foreign anions during the deposition process had different effects on the microstructure of Ni(OH)_(2).The results of XRD and SEM showed that the addition of DTAB and SDBS had little effect on the crystallinity of Ni(OH)_(2)products,but had significant effect on the micromorphology of the deposited products,in which the deposition products with SDBS were fluffy porous spherical or spheroid particles.The electrochemical test results showed that the specific discharge capacitance of Ni(OH)_(2)obtained by adding SDBS was the highest,which was 967.8 F/g at the scan rate of 10 mV/s.This study could provide some reference for regulating the morphologies of the electrodeposits.

关 键 词：Ni(OH)_(2) 十二烷基三甲基溴化铵 十二烷基苯磺酸钠 电结晶 

分 类 号：TQ138.13[化学工程—无机化工]