极端热湿气候区珊瑚砂外墙传热系数优化——以琼海为例  

Optimization of Heat Transfer Coefficient of Coral Sand Wall in Extreme Hot-Humid Climate Zone:A case study of Qionghai

作　　者：高圣迪 谢静超[1] 徐鑫 张广凯 刘加平[1] GAO Shengdi;XIE Jingchao;XU Xin;ZHANG Guangkai;LIU Jiaping(Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Building Environment and Energy-Saving Technology,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学绿色建筑环境与节能技术北京市重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《建筑节能(中英文)》2025年第2期67-75,共9页Building Energy Efficiency

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52178061);国家自然科学基金重点项目(52338004)。

摘　　要：极端热湿气候区以高温、高湿、强辐射为气候特征,以琼海为例的多数地区目前已经不充分满足夏热冬暖地区的区划,如果继续使用夏热冬暖地区的规范进行设计,可能会在一定程度上造成能量损耗。为了体现现有标准在极端热湿气候区的可优化性,以琼海为例,以珊瑚砂外墙为研究对象,通过模拟计算得到空调负荷特征与外墙传热特性,以此为基础考虑经济性指标计算珊瑚砂外墙最佳保温层厚度,并给出该地区外墙传热系数限值的优化方向。研究表明,琼海地区公共建筑全年需要供冷,在室内外温差、热流密度上均存在特殊的“双向流”特征,表明外墙传热系数并非越小越好;当保温层厚度由0 mm增加至80 mm时,全年累计冷负荷由117.6 kW·h/m^(2)降低至107.5 kW·h/m^(2),总成本先降低后升高,谷值为37.0元/m^(2),此时保温层最佳厚度为20 mm,投资回收期为7.8年;在20 mm保温层厚度下的外墙传热系数为0.98 W/(m^(2)·K),高于现有标准的限值,因此,若要实现保温层经济性最优,现有标准的外墙传热系数的限值应调大。研究结果为以琼海为代表的极端热湿气候区外墙结构设计提供数据支撑和优化参考。Extreme hot-humid climate zone is characterized by high temperatures,high humidity and strong radiation.Most of its areas(Qionghai as an example)currently do not adequately meet the zoning of hot summer and warm winter area.If the design is still done using the codes for hot summer and warm winter area,it may result in energy loss to some extent.In order to show the optimizability of the existing standards in the extreme hot-humid climate zone(Qionghai as an example),this study investigates the air conditioning load characteristics and the heat transfer characteristics of coral sand exterior wall through simulation calculations.On this basis,the optimum thickness of insulation layer for coral sand exterior walls is calculated taking into account economic indicators.And the optimization direction of the limit value of heat transfer coefficient of the external wall is proposed in this area.The results of this study show that public buildings in the Qionghai region require cooling throughout the year.There are special bi-directional flow characteristics in both indoor and outdoor temperature difference and heat flow density.This indicates that the heat transfer coefficient of the exterior wall is not as small as possible.As the thickness of the insulation layer increases from 0 mm to 80 mm,the annual cumulative cold load decreases from 117.6 kW·h/m^(2) to 107.5 kW·h/m^(2).The total cost decreases first and then increases.The minimum value is 37.0 Yuan/m^(2).At this time,the optimal thickness of the insulation layer is 20 mm,and the payback period is 7.8 years.The heat transfer coefficient of the external wall at 20 mm insulation thickness is 0.98 W/(m^(2)·K),which is higher than the limit value of the existing standard.Therefore,the limit value of the heat transfer coefficient of the exterior wall of the existing standard should be adjusted larger if the economic optimization of the insulation layer is to be achieved.This study can provide data support and optimization reference for the design of exterior wall st

关 键 词：极端热湿气候区 珊瑚砂外墙 双向流 空调负荷特性 保温层最佳厚度 

分 类 号：TU111[建筑科学—建筑理论]