基于惯量响应的风储组合黑启动电源及其协调控制方法  

Inertial Response Based Wind Turbine-Energy Storage Combined Black-start Power Source and Its Coordinated Control Method

作　　者：宋震 李勇[1] 王洪涛[1] 王灏博 李少岩[2] 刘玉田[1] SONG Zhen;LI Yong;WANG Hongtao;WANG Haobo;LI Shaoyan;LIU Yutian(Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education(Shandong University),Jinan 250061,China;School of Electrical&Electronic Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,China)

机构地区：[1]电网智能化调度与控制教育部重点实验室(山东大学),山东省济南市250061 [2]华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院,河北省保定市071003

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2025年第5期109-117,共9页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会-国家电网公司智能电网联合基金资助项目(U22B2099)。

摘　　要：永磁同步风电机组改造后可作为应急黑启动电源,提高极端停电场景下电网恢复能力。针对风速波动下风电机组对黑启动负荷冲击的构网支撑能力不足的问题,文中提出一种利用风轮惯量和转动动能支撑电网黑启动的永磁同步风电机组-储能组合电源及其协调控制方法。首先,从机电暂态时间尺度,基于黑启动负荷预测提高风电机组捕获风功率对负荷功率变化的跟踪能力。其次,从电磁暂态时间尺度提出风电机组与储能组合构网的变流器协调控制方法,提高风储组合电源对负荷冲击的响应能力。最后,提出基于风机惯量和转动动能的黑启动及负荷接入方法,在风机高转速运行点并网和接入负荷,利用风机释放动能完成黑启动。仿真结果表明,与常规风电黑启动方法相比,文中所提方法可显著提高风电系统在风速波动时负荷冲击下的稳定性,同时降低对储能的功率和容量需求。Permanent magnet synchronous wind turbines can be modified to serve as black-start power sources,enhancing grid recovery capabilities in extreme outage scenarios.To address the problem of insufficient grid-forming support capacity of wind turbines under wind speed fluctuation conditions during black-start load shocks,this paper proposes a permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine-energy storage combined power source,along with a coordinated control method.First,on the electromechanical transient time scale,the method improves the ability of wind turbines to track load power changes by capturing wind power based on the black-start load power prediction.Then,on the electromagnetic transient time scale,a coordinated control method for the inverter combining wind turbine with energy storage is proposed to enhance the response capability of the wind turbine-energy storage combined power source to load shocks.Finally,a black-start and load connection method based on the inertia and kinetic energy of the wind turbine is presented.This involves connecting to the grid and load at high rotational speeds of the wind turbine,utilizing the released kinetic energy to complete the black-start.Simulation results show that,compared with the conventional black-start method for wind power,the proposed method can significantly improve the stability of wind power systems against load shocks under wind speed fluctuation conditions,while reducing the power and capacity requirements for energy storage.

关 键 词：风储组合电源 惯量 构网型控制 黑启动 永磁同步风电机组 

分 类 号：TM7[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]