三焦俞影像解剖特点及针刺安全深度研究  

Study on the anatomical characteristics of Sanjiaoshu(BL22)image and the safe depth of needling

作　　者：王顺梅 胡锦波 王斌 WANG Shunmei;HU Jinbo;WANG Bin(School of Clinical Medicine,Dali University,Dali 671000,China)

机构地区：[1]大理大学临床医学院,大理671000

出　　处：《上海针灸杂志》2025年第3期342-346,共5页Shanghai Journal of Acupuncture and Moxibustion

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目(81960905)。

摘　　要：目的应用磁共振影像,分析三焦俞解剖结构特点,明确不同体型针刺安全深度,为三焦俞的临床应用提供参考和依据。方法用磁共振仪采集203例健康成年志愿者三焦俞的横断面图像,分析解剖结构,测量三焦俞直刺危险深度,测算安全深度。结果三焦俞在解剖结构上与肾俞有相似性,区别是腰方肌和腰大肌的形态大小,三焦俞下方外侧为肾。左右三焦俞直刺时平均危险深度值,男性分别为(7.9±1.7)cm、(7.9±1.6)cm,女性分别为(5.5±1.3)cm、(5.5±1.3)cm,男性大于女性(P<0.01)。体型肥胖者三焦俞直刺时危险深度值大于体型超重者(P<0.01),体型超重者大于体型正常者(P<0.01),体型正常者大于体型过轻者(P<0.01),直刺时危险深度值与体型呈正相关(P<0.01)。男性体型超重者及正常者三焦俞直刺时危险深度值大于女性(P<0.01)。结论三焦俞的常规针刺深度为直刺0.5~1寸,安全性较好。临床应用中,可以依据患者体型及性别,适当增加0.5~1寸。三焦俞邻近肾,应避免针刺过深损伤肾。Objective To analyze the anatomical and structural characteristics of Sanjiaoshu(BL22)by applying magnetic resonance imaging,and to clarify the safe depth of acupuncture for different body types,so as to provide reference and basis for the clinical application of Sanjiaoshu.Method The cross-sectional images of Sanjiaoshu were collected from 203 healthy adult volunteers by magnetic resonance imaging,and the anatomical structure was analyzed to measure the hazardous depth of direct needling and the safe depth.Result The anatomical structure of Sanjiaoshu was similar to that of Shenshu,and the difference was the morphology and size of the lumbar square muscle and lumbar large muscle,and the kidney was located blow and outside the Sanjiaoshu.The mean hazardous depths of Sanjiaoshu were(7.9±1.7)cm and(7.9±1.6)cm for males and(5.5±1.3)cm and(5.5±1.3)cm for females,respectively,with males being larger than females(P<0.01).Dangerous depth values during direct stabbing of Sanjiaoshu were greater in obese than in overweight(P<0.01),in overweight than in normal(P<0.01),and in normal than in underweight(P<0.01),and there was a significant positive correlation between dangerous depth values during direct stabbing of Sanjiaoshu and body size(P<0.01).The hazardous depth value during direct stabbing of Sanjiaoshu in overweight and normal was greater in males than in females(P<0.01).Conclusion The routine depth of Sanjiaoshu is 0.5-1 inch,which is safe.In clinical application,the depth can be increased by 0.5-1 inch according to the patient’s body size and gender.Sanjiaoshu is adjacent to the kidney,so it should be avoided to damage the kidney by too deep needling.

关 键 词：穴位研究 穴 三焦俞 危险深度 解剖 磁共振影像 

分 类 号：R245[医药卫生—针灸推拿学]