荷斯坦牛与娟姗牛选择信号差异分析  

Differences Analysis on Selection Signals between Holstein Cattle and Jersey Cattle

作　　者：孙一斐 白凤庭 郭应威 窦鸣乐 代学雷 李鑫妹 王喜宏 SUN Yifei;BAI Fengting;GUO Yingwei;DOU Mingle;DAI Xuelei;LI Xinmei;WANG Xihong(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2025年第2期14-21,共8页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1000100);宁夏自治区重点研发重大项目(2021BEF01001)。

摘　　要：为研究荷斯坦牛与娟姗牛的选择信号特征,解释其表型差异的分子机理,对不同国家的220头荷斯坦牛、娟姗牛的重测序数据,用多个欧洲兼用及肉用品种为对照,通过CLR、F ST、π-ratio检测荷斯坦牛与娟姗牛显著选择信号。结果表明:(1)筛选到荷斯坦牛257个候选基因,4号染色体76.90~76.95 Mb受到高度选择,该区域包含的NPC1L1、NUDCD3基因与泌乳性状有关,NPC1L1中存在3个错义突变,p.E732K和p.Y888C两个错义突变高度保守,p.V683M和p.E732K两个错义突变位于NPC1L1蛋白质跨膜结构域,改变了氨基酸的理化性质。(2)娟姗牛7号染色体43.40~43.47Mb受到强烈选择,该区域包含与耐热(MED16)、免疫(PRTN3、AZU1、ELANE)有关的基因。研究结果显示,荷斯坦牛NPC1L1、NUDCD3基因与泌乳性状有关;娟姗牛MED16与PRTN3、AZU1、ELANE基因分别与免疫和耐热有关。Holstein cattle and Jersey cattle have undergone different selections in history,forming different phenotypes.To study the selection signal characteristics and explain the molecular mechanisms of their phenotypic differences,this study investigated the retesting sequencing data of 220 Holstein cattle and Jersey cattle from different countries.Multiple European dual-purpose and meat varieties were used as controls,and significant selection signals of Holstein cattle and Jersey cattle were detected through CLR,F ST,andπ-ratio.The results showed that 257 candidate genes were screened in Holstein cattle,and 76.90~76.95 Mb of chromosome 4 were highly selected.The NPC1L1 and NUDCD3 genes contained in this region were related to lactation traits,and there were 3 missense mutations in NPC1L1,p.E732K and p.Y888C are highly conserved,p.V683M and p.E732K were located in the transmembrane domain of NPC1L1 protein,altering the physicochemical properties of amino acids.In Jersey cattle,43.40~43.47Mb of chromosome 7 is strongly selected and contains genes related to heat tolerance(MED16)and immunity(PRTN3,AZU1,ELANE).These results suggest that NPC1L1 and NUDCD3 genes of Holstein cattleis related to lactating traits,while MED16 and PRTN3,AZU1,ELANE genes are associated with immunity and heat-resistance in Jersey cattle.

关 键 词：荷斯坦牛 娟姗牛 泌乳 免疫 选择信号 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学]