黑龙江省肉牛养殖环境效率及影响因素研究——基于376份调查问卷的实证分析  

Environmental Efficiency and Influencing Factors of Beef Cattle Farming in Heilongjiang Province——An empirical analysis based on 376 survey questionnaires

作　　者：杨辉[1,2] 郑卓航 段禹阳 YANG Hui;ZHENG Zhuohang;DUAN Yuyang(Modern Agricultural Development Research Center,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin,Heilongjiang,150030,China;School of Economics and Management,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin,Heilongjiang,150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学现代农业发展研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]东北农业大学经济管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2025年第2期107-114,共8页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目(22JYB222);黑龙江省党史专题重点研究项目(21JYA005);黑龙江省高端智库开放课题(ZKKF2022055)。

摘　　要：对黑龙江省9个地级市的17个典型畜禽养殖区县376户养殖户进行实地走访调研,利用非期望产出的SBM模型测算黑龙江省不同规模肉牛养殖户的养殖环境效率与提升潜力,并运用Tobit模型分析了影响肉牛养殖环境效率的因素。结果表明:黑龙江省肉牛养殖环境效率平均值为0.809,各个规模肉牛养殖环境效率均未达到最优且存在一定程度的差异性,且在生产要素投入和污染物产生方面均存在一定程度的改进空间;通过对影响因素的分析发现,影响不同规模肉牛养殖环境效率的因素不同。政策建议:制定适度规模养殖标准;增强环保意识;提供技术指导和培训;制定环保激励政策。To further promote the high-quality development of beef cattle breeding in Heilongjiang Province,this study conducted field visits and surveys of 376 breeding households in 17 typical livestock and poultry breeding counties in 9 prefecture-level cities in Heilongjiang Province.The SBM model with unexpected output was used to calculate the environmental efficiency and improvement potential of beef cattle breeding households of different scales in Heilongjiang Province,and the Tobit model was employed to analyze the factors affecting the environmental efficiency of beef cattle farming.The results show that the average environmental efficiency of beef cattle breeding in Heilongjiang Province is 0.809,and the environmental efficiency of beef cattle breeding of various scales has not reached the optimal level and exhibits certain degree of difference.There is also room for improvement in terms of production factor input and pollutant generation.The analysis of influencing factors reveals that the factors affecting the environmental efficiency of beef cattle breeding of different scales are different.Based on the above conclusions,the following policy recommendations are proposed:formulation of moderate-scale breeding standards,enhancement of environmental awareness,provision of technical guidance and training,and formulation of environmental protection incentive policies.

关 键 词：肉牛养殖 环境效率 SBM模型 TOBIT模型 黑龙江省 

分 类 号：F326.3[经济管理—产业经济] S823.4[农业科学—畜牧学]