含有绿色氧化剂过氧化氢工业炸药的研究进展  

Research Progress on Industrial Explosives Containing Green Oxidant Hydrogen Peroxide

作　　者：陈愿 陈金华 徐森[4] 刘大斌[4] 汪泉[1] CHEN Yuan;CHEN Jin-hua;XU Sen;LIU Da-bin;WANG Quan(School of Chemical and Blasting Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan Anhui 232001,China;Anhui Key Laboratory of Explosive Energy Utilization and Control,Huaibei Anhui 235039,China;Huaibei Blasting Technology Research Institute Limited Company,China Coal Technology Engineering Group,Huaibei Anhui 235039,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学化工与爆破学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]爆炸能量利用与控制安徽省重点实验室,安徽淮北235039 [3]中煤科工集团淮北爆破技术研究院有限公司,安徽淮北235039 [4]南京理工大学化学与化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2025年第2期105-116,I0005,共13页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：安徽理工大学高层次引进人才科研启动基金(No.2024yjrc17);爆炸能量利用与控制安徽省重点实验室开放基金课题(No.BP20240102)。

摘　　要：为促进工业炸药的绿色发展,用绿色氧化剂过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))部分或全部替代硝酸铵(AN)形成新型工业炸药,可以减少NO_(x)的生成量,改善对环境的不利影响,是最有应用潜力的工业“绿色炸药”。在此基础上,综述了H_(2)O_(2)基混合炸药的研究进展,从H_(2)O_(2)/H_(2)O纯溶液、H_(2)O_(2)/Fuel液体混合物和H_(2)O_(2)/Fuel胶状物3个方面介绍了H_(2)O_(2)基炸药的爆轰性能,分析了H_(2)O_(2)/Fuel基炸药中H_(2)O_(2)的分解特性,对比了H_(2)O_(2)/Fuel基炸药与传统AN基炸药的爆轰性能,并阐述了H_(2)O_(2)基爆炸物的冲击起爆机制;通过对H_(2)O_(2)基炸药爆炸性研究进展的阐述,分析了H_(2)O_(2)基“绿色炸药”面临的问题,主要有基础性能表征不充分、起爆机制不明确等;展望了H_(2)O_(2)在工业炸药中的发展前景。附参考文献103篇。In order to promote the green development of industrial explosives,the green oxidant hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))is used to partially or completely replace ammonium nitrate(AN)to form a new type of industrial explosive.This can reduce the generation of NO_(x) and improve the adverse impact on the environment.It is the most promising industrial“green explosive”.Based on this,the research progress of H_(2)O_(2)-based mixed explosives was reviewed,and the detonation performance of H_(2)O_(2)-based explosives was introduced from three aspects:H_(2)O_(2)/H_(2)O pure solution,H_(2)O_(2)/Fuel liquid mixture and H_(2)O_(2)/Fuel colloid.The decomposition characteristics of H_(2)O_(2)in H_(2)O_(2)/Fuel-based explosives were analyzed,and the detonation performance of H_(2)O_(2)/Fuel-based explosives was compared with that of traditional AN-based explosives.The shock initiation mechanism of H_(2)O_(2)-based explosives was explained.By elaborating on the progress in research on the explosiveness of H_(2)O_(2)-based explosives,the problems faced by H_(2)O_(2)-based“green explosives”were analyzed,including insufficient basic performance characterization and unclear initiation mechanism,and the development prospects of H_(2)O_(2)in industrial explosives were prospected.103 References are attached.

关 键 词：爆炸力学 工业炸药 过氧化氢 H_(2)O_(2) 硝酸铵 AN 绿色炸药 爆轰性能 起爆机制 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O38[理学—流体力学]