基于SLM技术的中心预控槽破片战斗部的破碎特性  

Fragmentation Characteristics of Centrally Pre-formed Grooves Fragmentation Warheads Based on SLM Technology

作　　者：李伟航 姚文进[1] 朱炜 李文彬[1] 张庆[1] 李一鸣 刘燕宁 LI Wei-hang;YAO Wen-jin;ZHU Wei;LI Wen-bin;ZHANG Qing;LI Yi-ming;LIU Yan-ning(ZNDY Ministerial Key Laboratory,Nanjing University of Science&Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Xi′an Modern Control Technology Research Institute,Xi′an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学智能弹药技术国防重点学科实验室,江苏南京210094 [2]西安现代控制技术研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2025年第2期186-194,I0008,共10页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.12102198);江苏省“双创博士”项目(No.JSSCBS20220332)。

摘　　要：为了研究3D打印破片战斗部壳体的破片成形特性,对选区激光熔化(SLM)的中心预控槽钢壳体进行水介质破片回收试验。通过对比不同装药长径比、预控槽深度比例及网络形状的破片成形情况,明确预控槽参数对破片形态的影响,并讨论了其断裂模式。结果表明,中心预控槽通过定向引导显著提升破碎可控性,破片质量回收率为87.09%~94.42%,完整破片生成率最高可达99.60%;装药长径比存在临界阈值,当装药长径比小于2.1时,完整破片生成率稳定于87.62%,连体率保持为22.40%;而装药长径比超过2.1时,完整生成率骤降至70.37%,连体率跃升至69.44%;连体破片数量与预控槽深度比例η呈显著负相关,完整破片生成率则随预控槽深度比例的增大而显著升高;横斜与菱形的网络形状相比于方形网络具有更好的破碎均匀性,完整破片生成率分别为96.09%和99.60%。断裂模式分析表明,轴向断裂以拉伸破坏为主,周向壳体内侧为剪切破坏,外侧为拉伸断裂,且当η>53.3%时,外侧剪切带宽度与内侧趋同。To study the fragmentation forming characteristics of 3D printed fragmentation warhead shells,a water medium fragmentation recovery experiment was conducted on the centrally pre-controlled channel steel shell melted by selective laser melting(SLM).By comparing the shell fragment forming conditions of different charge length to diameter ratios,pre-controlled groove depth ratios,and network shapes,the influence of pre-controlled groove parameters on the fragment morphology was clarified,and its fracture mode was discussed.The results indicate that the central pre-controlled grooves significantly improve the fragmentation controllability through directional guidance,achieving fragment mass recovery rates of 87.09%-94.42%and reach the maximum complete fragment generation rate of 99.60%.There is a critical threshold for the charge length to diameter ratio.When the length to diameter ratio of the charge was below 2.1,the complete fragment generation rate remained stable at 87.62%with theinter-connected fragments rate at 22.40%,whereas when it exceededg 2.1,the complete fragment generation rate drop sharply to 70.37%and the inter-connected fragments rate rise to 69.44%.Inter-connected fragment count exhibited a significant negative correlation with pre-controlled groove depth ratioη,while complete fragment generation rate increased markedly with higherη.Parallelogram and rhombus mesh shapes demonstrated superior fragmentation uniformity compared to the square meshes,with complete fragment generation rates of 96.09%and 99.60%,respectively.Fracture mode analysis revealed the tensile-dominated failure along the axial direction,shear failure at the inner circumferential wall,and tensile failure at the outer wall.Whenηexceeded 53.3%,the shear band width at the outer wall converged to match that of the inner wall.

关 键 词：材料科学 预控破片战斗部 选区激光熔化 3D打印 中心预控槽 316L不锈钢粉末 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ56[化学工程—炸药化工]