复合固体推进剂爆热精准测试技术  

Study on the Precise Testing Technology of the Explosion Heat for Composite Solid Propellants

作　　者：王英红[1] 李歆扬 丛俊皓 刘佳浩 WANG Ying-hong;LI Xin-yang;CONG Jun-hao;LIU Jia-hao(Science and Technology on Combustion,Thermal Structure and Internal Flow Laboratory,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi′an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学燃烧、热结构与内流场重点实验室,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2025年第2期195-200,I0008,共7页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.22375164);航天化学能源全国重点实验室基金(No.NKLACP220241B11);国防科技重点实验基金(No.6142701220101)。

摘　　要：针对复合固体推进剂爆热测试结果平行性偏差大的现象,采用恒温式量热仪,从明确爆热定义、规范实验条件、改进实验装置3个方面开展复合推进剂爆热精准测试研究。结果表明,推进剂利用自身具有的氧化剂燃烧放热量测试值随推进剂切块粒度的减小和样品质量的增大有明显增大的趋势,故推进剂爆热测试样品单块质量应小于0.14 g,推进剂样品质量应大于测得稳定最大放热量的所用的样品质量;在量热仪的氧弹上加装测压元件,实现了量热过程中氧弹中压强的全程测试记录,点火前压强检测保障了氧弹中空气置换的有效性;氧弹中的最大压强为剔除不充分燃烧的异常值提供了依据。结合实验中氧弹内的末态压强和氧弹容积,实现了定压爆热的测试。Due to the issue of high parallel deviation in the explosion heat test results of the composite solid propellants,using the thermostatic calorimeter,carry out the accurate test research of composite propellant explosion heat from the three aspects of clarifying the definition of explosion heat,standardizing experimental conditions and improving experimental devices.The results show that the measured values of the combustion heat release of the propellant using its own oxidizing agent tends to increase significantly with the reduction of propellant particle size and the increase of the sample amount.Therefore,the single quality of the propellant explosion heat test sample should be less than 0.14 g,and the quality of the propellant sample should be more than the quality of the sample used to measure stable maximum heat release.The pressure measuring element is installed on the oxygen bomb of the calorimeter to realize the whole test record of the pressure in the oxygen bomb during the calorimetry process,and the pressure detection before ignition guarantees the effectiveness of displacing air in oxygen bomb.The maximum pressure in the oxygen bomb provides a basis for eliminating the outliers of inadequate combustion.Combined with the final pressure and the oxygen bomb volume in the experiment,the test of constant pressure explosion heat is realized.

关 键 词：物理化学 定容爆热 定压爆热 复合固体推进剂 能量性能 恒温式量热计 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]