基于步行网格的城市轨道交通车站步行可达范围计算  

Calculation of Walking Distance Accessibility Range for Urban Rail Transit Stations Based on Walking Grids

作　　者：唐小勇 陈易林 高志刚 刘晏霖 TANG Xiaoyong;CHEN Yilin;GAO Zhigang;LIU Yanlin(Chongqing Transport Planning Institute,Chongqing 401147,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市交通规划研究院,重庆401147

出　　处：《城市交通》2025年第1期7-15,4,共10页Urban Transport of China

基　　金：自然资源部科技项目“重庆市国土空间规划实施监测网络系统关键技术研发及示范”(2023ZRBSHZ066)。

摘　　要：缓冲区分析、网络分析等计算城市轨道交通车站步行可达范围的常用方法在计算精度、宽敞步行空间效果模拟、适用场景等方面存在不足,特别是支撑规划方案评估能力不足。构建代表城市公共步行空间的步行面,设置不同高程标签区分上下层步行空间并设置连通规则,对立体过街设施、坡道、台阶、信号控制交叉口等特殊区域步行速度进行折减。按照0.1"×0.1"(经差×纬差)的尺寸划分步行网格,并对网格进行18位编码。提出基于步行网格的搜索算法,以城市轨道交通车站各出入口为起点,搜索给定距离或时间阈值下的最大步行可达范围。以重庆市城市轨道交通车站为例,对现状案例和规划方案进行评估。计算结果显示,受山地地形、干路或小区阻隔等影响,重庆市城市轨道交通车站10 min步行可达范围仅为800 m缓冲区覆盖范围的69%。案例应用验证了该方法可以准确模拟广场、开放小区等宽敞步行空间以及地形高差、城市道路立体交叉口、过街设施的实施效果。Common methods for calculating the accessible walking distance of urban rail transit stations,such as buffer analysis and network analysis,have limitations in terms of computational accuracy,spacious walking space simulation,scenario applicability,and particularly the capability to support planning scheme evaluations.This paper presents a pedestrian surface that represents urban public walking spaces,assigns elevation tags to distinguish multi-level walking spaces,and defines connectivity rules.Walking speeds are adjusted in specific areas,including pedestrian overpasses,ramps,stairs,and signal-controlled intersections.Walking grids are created with a resolution of 0.1''×0.1''(longitude difference×latitude difference)and coded using an 18-digit system.A grid-based search algorithm is proposed,which uses the entrances and exits of urban rail transit stations as starting points to search and determine the maximum accessible walking distance within a given distance or time threshold.Taking Chongqing's urban rail transit stations as a case study,current conditions and planning schemes are evaluated.The results indicate that,due to constraints such as mountainous terrain and barriers posed by arterial roads and residential complexes,the 10-minute accessible walking distance for Chongqing's urban rail transit stations covers only 69%of the area within an 800-meter buffer zone.The application of this method demonstrates its capability to accurately simulate the implementation effect of spacious walking spaces such as plazas and open residential areas,as well as terrain altitude variations,multi-level urban road interchanges,and pedestrian crossing facilities.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 步行可达范围 步行网格 网格搜索 网格编码 

分 类 号：U491.17[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]