酸化压裂技术对碳酸岩盐储层地热井的增灌能力影响研究  

Study on the Influence of Acid Fracturing Technology on Increasing the Reinjection Capacity of Carbonate Reservoir Geothermal Wells

作　　者：孙振添 李文 张进平 何铁柱 杨俊伟 张文洋 陈家玺 SUN Zhentian;LI Wen;ZHANG Jinping;HE Tiezhu;YANG Junwei;ZHANG Wenyang;CHEN Jiaxi(Key Laboratory of Shallow Geothermal Energy,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100012;Beijing Geothermal Research Institute,Beijing 102218)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部浅层地热能重点实验室,北京100012 [2]北京市地热调查研究所,北京102218

出　　处：《地球学报》2025年第2期439-448,共10页Acta Geoscientica Sinica

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(编号:1244052,8234063);北京市规划和自然资源委员会“北京市部分地区地热资源增灌能力评价”项目联合资助。

摘　　要：地热回灌是地热开采的逆过程,目前国内关于地热回灌的研究主要集中在常规回灌的关键技术和回灌对热储的影响等方面,对酸化压裂在碳酸岩盐储层地热井的增灌能力影响方面研究较少。本研究以酸化压裂对碳酸岩盐储层地热井的增灌能力影响为目的,有针对性的选取北京某碳酸盐岩储层地热井开展酸化压裂和增灌试验,对地热井酸化压力前后的增产增灌能力进行对比分析,分别从抽灌能力、渗透系数、表皮系数和热储改造规模等方面评价酸化压力技术对碳酸盐岩地热井增灌能力的影响。结果表明,酸化压裂能明显提升地热井的出水能力和回灌能力,且酸化压裂后地热井的加压回灌量相对酸化压裂前有明显提升。从酸化压裂成果评价结果可以看出,地热井酸化压裂后的渗透系数较酸化压裂前提高了17%,渗透率提高了16%,整体改善效果明显;地热井的表皮系数由酸化压裂前的1.44降低到–3.33,不仅解除了近井伤害,还增大了初始地层原始渗透率,改造效果显著;热储改造规模评价结果同样印证了本次酸化压裂的效果。Geothermal reinjection is a reverse exploitation process.Domestic research has mainly focused on the key technologies of conventional reinjection and the influence of reinjection on geothermal reservoirs.Few studies have been conducted on the influence of acid fracturing on the reinjection capacity of carbonate reservoirs.To address this gap,the current study carried out acid fracturing and reinjection tests in a carbonate reservoir geothermal well in Beijing,and comparatively analyzed the exploration and reinjection capacity before and after acid fracturing.Specifically,the study explored the effect of acid fracturing technology on increasing the reinjection capacity of carbonate reservoir geothermal wells from the aspects of exploration and reinjection capacity,permeability coefficient,skin coefficient,and scale of geothermal reservoir reconstruction.The results showed that acid fracturing can significantly improve the exploration and reinjection capacities of geothermal wells,and that the pressurized reinjection volume after acid fracturing is significantly increased.The evaluation results of acid fracturing showed that the permeability coefficient increased by 17%and the permeability increased by 16%after acid fracturing,with an obvious overall improvement effect.The skin coefficient of geothermal well was reduced from 1.44 to–3.33 after acid fracturing,which not only removed the damage near the well,but also increased the original permeability of the initial formation.The evaluation results of the scale of geothermal reservoir reconstruction also confirmed the effect of acid fracturing.

关 键 词：酸化压裂 碳酸盐岩储层 增产改造技术 增灌能力 

分 类 号：P314[天文地球—固体地球物理学]