蒲公英提取物对犊牛生长性能、腹泻率及肠道健康的影响  

Effects of dandelion extract on growth performance,diarrhea rate,and intestinal health of calves

作　　者：张召兴 王亚男 韩平 李校栋 周英昊 毛森 郭建军 ZHANG Zhaoxing;WANG Yanan;HAN Ping;LI Xiaodong;ZHOU Yinghao;MAO Sen;GUO Jianjun

机构地区：[1]河北旅游职业学院畜牧兽医系,河北承德067000 [2]承德市农林科学院,河北承德067000 [3]河北科技师范学院河北省预防兽医学重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2025年第2期32-36,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：承德市科技计划项目(项目编号:202403A006);承德市绿色食品产业研究院建设项目(项目编号:202205B088);承德国家可持续发展议程创新示范区建设科技专项(项目编号:202104F026C、202202F016)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探讨蒲公英提取物对犊牛生长性能、腹泻率及肠道健康的影响。选择5日龄的健康犊牛40头,随机分为4组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头犊牛。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.2%、0.4%、0.8%蒲公英提取物。预试期1 w,正式试验期8 w。结果显示:蒲公英提取物对犊牛的平均日采食量未产生显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,0.4%蒲公英提取物可使犊牛的末重提高3.08%(P<0.05),平均日增重提高8.45%(P<0.05),0.2%、0.4%和0.8%蒲公英提取物组犊牛的腹泻率均显著降低(P<0.05),0.4%和0.8%蒲公英提取物组犊牛的粪便评分显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,0.4%和0.8%蒲公英提取物可以显著增加犊牛肠道乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌数量(P<0.05),0.4%蒲公英提取物可以显著增加犊牛肠道双歧杆菌数量(P<0.05),0.2%、0.4%和0.8%蒲公英提取物可以显著降低犊牛肠道大肠杆菌数量(P<0.05)。蒲公英提取物对犊牛肠道总菌和栖瘤胃普雷沃氏菌数量无显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,0.4%蒲公英提取物可以显著降低犊牛血清中谷草转氨酶活性、胆固醇和尿素氮水平(P<0.05),显著增加总蛋白水平(P<0.05),0.4%和0.8%蒲公英提取物组犊牛血清中球蛋白水平显著增加(P<0.05)。研究表明,在犊牛饲粮中添加0.4%的蒲公英提取物可以提高犊牛的生长性能,降低腹泻率和粪便评分,增加肠道中有益菌数量,降低有害菌数量,改善机体健康。The study aimed to investigate the effects of dandelion extract on the growth performance,diarrhea rate,and intestinal health of calves.A total of 40 healthy calves at five days of age were selected and randomly divided into four groups,with 10 replicates per group and one calf per replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet,while the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.2%,0.4%,and 0.8%dandelion extract,respectively.The trial included a one-week pre-experimental period and an eight-week formal experimental period.The results showed that dandelion extract had no significant effect on the average daily feed intake of calves(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the final body weight of calves in the 0.4%dandelion extract group increased by 3.08%(P<0.05),and the average daily gain increased by 8.45%(P<0.05).The diarrhea rate of calves in the 0.2%,0.4%,and 0.8%dandelion extract groups was significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the fecal scores of calves in the 0.4%and 0.8%dandelion extract groups was significantly lower(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the number of Lactobacillus and Bacillus in the intestines of calves in the 0.4%and 0.8%dandelion extract groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the number of Bifidobacteria in the intestines of calves in the 0.4%dandelion extract group was significantly increased(P<0.05).The number of E.coli in the intestines of calves in the 0.2%,0.4%,and 0.8%dandelion extract groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Dandelion extract had no significant effect on the total intestinal bacteria and Prevotella ruminicola numbers in calves(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the activity of aspartate aminotransferase,cholesterol,and urea nitrogen in the serum of calves in the 0.4%dandelion extract group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while the total protein level was significantly increased(P<0.05).The globulin level in the serum of calves in the 0.4%and 0.8%dandelion extract groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).The study in

关 键 词：蒲公英提取物 犊牛 生长性能 腹泻率 肠道健康 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]