基于多参数规划的虚拟电厂边际成本函数解析表征方法  

Analytical Characterization of Marginal Cost Function for Virtual Power Plants Based on Multi-parametric Programming

作　　者：宋懿洋 申萌均 王剑晓 夏清[4] 李庚银 周明 SONG Yiyang;SHEN Mengjun;WANG Jianxiao;XIA Qing;LI Gengyin;ZHOU Ming(Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR 999077,China;State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company Dispatch Center,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications(Peking University),Haidian District,Beijing 100871,China;State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment(Tsinghua University),Haidian District,Beijing 100084,China;State Key Lab of Alternate Electrical Power System With Renewable Energy Sources(North China Electric Power University),Changping District,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]香港大学电机电子工程学系,中国香港特别行政区999077 [2]国网四川省电力公司调度中心,四川省成都市610041 [3]大数据分析与应用技术国家工程实验室(北京大学),北京市海淀区100871 [4]电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室(清华大学),北京市海淀区100084 [5]新能源电力系统国家重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京市昌平区102206

出　　处：《电网技术》2025年第3期879-888,I0009,I0010,共12页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52277092);中国科协青年人才托举工程项目(No.YESS20210227)。

摘　　要：大规模虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP)逐步具备与传统发电资源对等的地位,其优化运行策略将显著影响电力市场的均衡状态。高效表征虚拟电厂在关键端口下的外特性将促进虚拟电厂与现有市场模式的有效兼容,对于其深度参与电力市场具有十分重要的现实意义。基于改进多参数线性规划(multi-parametric linear programming,MPLP)理论提出虚拟电厂边际成本函数解析表征方法,通过虚拟电厂与主网在公共连接点(point of common coupling,PCC)处的交易电量这一低维参数,反映其整体灵活性、交易可行域及边际成本。基于成本最小化将初始参数空间优化分割为若干临界域(critical region,CR),随后,揭示优化分割的经济学特性,并利用该特性刻画参数空间与虚拟电厂成本的分段映射关系。最后,基于改进的IEEE 33及IEEE 123节点系统验证所提算法的有效性,为虚拟电厂以非迭代的方式参与市场出清提供理论基础。Large-scale virtual power plants(VPPs)are gradually becoming equal to traditional generation resources,and their optimized operation strategies will significantly affect the equilibrium state of the electricity market.Efficiently characterizing the external properties of VPPs under key ports will promote the compatibility of VPPs with the existing market model,which is of great practical significance for their in-depth participation in the electricity market.Based on the theory of multi-parametric linear programming(MPLP),we propose an analytical characterization of the marginal cost function of a VPP,which reflects the overall flexibility,trading feasibility region,and the marginal cost of a VPP through the low latitude parameter of the power traded between the VPP and the primary grid at the point of standard coupling(PCC).The initial parameter space is optimally partitioned into many critical regions(CRs)based on cost minimization,and then the economic properties of the optimal segmentation are revealed and used to portray the segmental mapping relationship between the parameter space and the cost of the VPP.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified based on the improved IEEE 33 and IEEE 123 bus systems,which provides a theoretical basis for VPPs to participate in the market clearing in a non-iterative way.

关 键 词：虚拟电厂 多参数规划 边际成本函数 优化分割 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]