新型电力系统下储能参与电能量-惯量-一次调频多市场交易方法  

Participation of Energy Storage in Electric Energy-Inertia-Primary Frequency Regulation Multi-market Trading Method Under A New Power System

作　　者：刘继春[1] 刘可欣[1] 柯贤波 唐志远[1] 邓建华[1] LIU Jichun;LIU Kexin;KE Xianbo;TANG Zhiyuan;DENG Jianhua(College of Electrical Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,Sichuan Province,China;Northwest Branch of State Grid Corporation of China,Xi’an 710048,Shaanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学电气工程学院,四川省成都市610065 [2]国家电网有限公司西北分部,陕西省西安市710048

出　　处：《电网技术》2025年第3期1018-1031,I0052,I0053,共16页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“竞争性售电服务市场基础理论与关键技术”(U2066209);国家电网有限公司西北分部科技项目“西北新型电力系统辅助服务市场演化路径及新型交易品种交易机制研究”(SGNW0000DZJS2310126)。

摘　　要：随着新型电力系统的构建,引入惯量市场势在必行,而储能作为独立市场主体,如何参与各类型电力市场以获取最大利润是一个亟待解决的问题。目前,储能参与电力市场的研究主要集中在电能量、调频等市场,但对其参与惯量市场、进一步在电能量-惯量-一次调频多市场中进行交易的研究几乎空白。为此,提出了一种储能参与电能量-惯量-一次调频多市场交易策略。首先,提出了基于惯量与一次调频两种资源共同作用下的系统动态频率特性和储能频率响应模型。其次,以系统和储能频率特性为基础,考虑储能为独立市场主体,构建了包含同步机组运行状态变量的双层市场交易决策模型。其中,上层模型以储能收益最大化为目标决定其在多市场中的交易策略;下层模型实现电能量、惯量和一次调频市场的联合出清。再次,利用KKT(Karush-Kuhn-Tucker)条件和对偶理论将双层模型转化为单层混合整数线性规划模型并求解。最后,通过算例分析表明,通过同时参与电能量-惯量-一次调频市场,储能机组能够实现更优的经济效益。Introducing an inertia market has become imperative with the construction of new power systems.As an independent market participant,how energy storage can participate in various types of electricity markets to maximize profits remains an urgent issue.Research on energy storage participation in electricity markets mainly focuses on energy and frequency regulation markets.However,studies on its participation in the inertia market and further trading in energy-inertia-primary frequency regulation(PFR)multi-markets are almost nonexistent.Therefore,this paper proposes a trading strategy for energy storage to participate in energy-inertia-PFR multi-markets.Firstly,we propose a system dynamic frequency characteristic and energy storage frequency response model based on the combined effects of inertia and PFR resources.Secondly,based on the system and energy storage frequency characteristics and considering energy storage as an independent market participant,we construct a bilevel market trading decision model that includes the state variables of synchronous units.The upper-level model aims to maximize energy storage's revenue by determining its multi-market trading strategy.In contrast,the lower-level model achieves the joint clearing of energy,inertia,and PFR markets.Thirdly,the bilevel model is transformed into a single-level mixed-integer linear programming model andsolved using the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)conditions and duality theory.Finally,case studies demonstrate that energy storage units can achieve superior economics by simultaneously participating in energy,inertia,and PFR markets.

关 键 词：储能 电能量市场 惯量辅助服务市场 一次调频辅助服务市场 双层优化 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]