基于约束优化模型的智能电表运行误差及日线损率联合估计方法  

The Joint Estimation Method of Smart Meter Measurement Error and Daily Line Loss Rate Based on Constrained Optimization Model

作　　者：吕玉玲 陈文礼 程瑛颖 苏宇 陈飞宇 刘学文 LÜYuling;CHEN Wenli;CHENG Yingying;SU Yu;CHEN Feiyu;LIU Xuewen(School of Mathematical Sciences,Chongqing Normal University,Shapingba District,Chongqing 401331,China;State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Co.Marketing Service Center(Metrology Center),Yuzhong District,Chongqing 401121,China;National Center for Applied Mathematics in Chongqing,Shapingba District,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学数学科学学院,重庆市沙坪坝区401331 [2]国网重庆市电力公司营销服务中心(计量中心),重庆市渝中区401121 [3]重庆国家应用数学中心,重庆市沙坪坝区401331

出　　处：《电网技术》2025年第3期1257-1265,共9页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家电网有限公司总部科技项目(5700-202227226A-1-1-ZN)。

摘　　要：台区日线损率是影响智能电表运行误差估计的重要因素。在现有的智能电表误差估计方法中,或假设日线损率为常值,或与总供电量成正比,这些假设通常与真实日线损率的实际变化规律不符,也会降低智能电表误差估计方法的性能。该文提出一种基于约束优化模型的智能电表误差与日线损率联合估计方法。首先,为精准刻画能量守恒方程,建立以智能电表误差与日线损率为变量的线性方程组;然后,通过对实际台区数据进行分析,获得智能电表误差与日线损率波动的上下界,并以此构造约束优化模型;最后,根据模型特点推导高效的原始-对偶算法迭代寻找约束优化问题的最优解。通过实际数据验证发现,与现有方法相比,该文所提方法在智能电表误差与日线损率的估计上均有更好的效果。The daily line loss rate is an important factor affecting the operating error estimation of smart meters.In the existing error estimation methods of smart meters,it is assumed that the daily line loss rate is constant or proportional to the total power supply.These assumptions are usually inconsistent with the actual change law of the real daily line loss rate,which will also reduce the performance of the error estimation method of smart meters.This paper presents a joint estimation method of error and daily loss rate of smart meters based on constrained optimization model.Firstly,in order to accurately describe the energy conservation equation,a set of linear equations with the error and daily loss rate of smart meters as variables is established.Then,by analyzing the actual station data,the upper and lower bounds of the fluctuation of the smart meter error and the daily loss rate are obtained,and the constrained optimization model is constructed.Finally,according to the characteristics of the model,an efficient primordial dual algorithm is derived to iteratively find the optimal solution of the constrained optimization problem.Through the verification of the actual data,compared with the existing methods,the proposed method has a better effect on the estimation of the error and daily loss rate of smart meters.

关 键 词：智能电表 误差估计 日线损率 约束最小二乘 原始-对偶算法 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]