两种促生菌对烟草生长和根际土壤细菌群落的影响  

Effects of Two Growth-promoting Strains on Tobacco Growth and Bacterial Community in Rhizosphere Soil

作　　者：王睿 师晶 姚涛 孙文秀[1] 曹毅 张成省 WANG Rui;SHI Jing;YAO Tao;SUN Wenxiu;CAO Yi;ZHANG Chengsheng(College of Life Sciences,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China;Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science,Guiyang 550081,China;Tobacco Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266101,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学生命科学学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]贵州省烟草科学研究院,贵阳550081 [3]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,青岛266101

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2025年第1期46-55,共10页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重大科技项目[110202201004(JY-04)];烟草行业烟草病虫害监测与综合治理重点实验室开放课题(KLTPMIMT2022-20)。

摘　　要：为探究两种促生菌对烟草生长和根际土壤细菌群落的影响,采用盆栽试验,以云烟87为供试材料,设立接种无菌水(CK)、印度梨形孢(PI)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Tpb55)、印度梨形孢和枯草芽孢杆菌(PI+Tpb55)处理,分析了烟草生长指标、根际土壤酶活性、土壤细菌群落结构及功能。结果表明,与CK相比,印度梨形孢和枯草芽孢杆菌Tpb55均能促进烟草生长,增加干、鲜物质积累量,且PI+Tpb55处理效果明显高于PI、Tpb55单独处理(p<0.05);PI、Tpb55、PI+Tpb55处理均提高了烟草根际土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶和酸性磷酸酶的活性,且PI+Tpb55提高效果最显著(p<0.05);PI、Tpb55、PI+Tpb55处理均增加了烟草根际土壤细菌OTUs数量、丰富度和多样性,且PI+Tpb55处理效果显著,Chao1指数较CK提高了43.9%,Simpson指数降低了10.1%。PI+Tpb55处理后,与CK相比,烟草根际土壤中芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadota)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriaota)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)相对丰度分别升高40%、20.6%和90%;芽单胞菌属(Gemmatimonas)、Vicinamibacteraceae、Haliangium相对丰度分别升高35.5%、86.5%和135.7%,达到显著水平(p<0.05)。细菌群落功能预测表明,PI、Tpb55、PI+Tpb55处理提高了细菌群落的三羧酸循环等功能基因丰度。综上,印度梨形孢和枯草芽孢杆菌Tpb55能够促进烟草生长和改善土壤特性,以两者协同处理效果最佳。In order to explore the effects of two growth-promoting strain on tobacco growth and rhizosphere soil bacterial community,a pot experiment was conducted by using Yunyan 87 and set up with four groups:sterile water(cotrol),Piriformospora indica(PI),Bacillus subtilis(Tpb55),and P.indica+B.subtilis(PI+Tpb55).The growth index of tobacco plant,rhizosphere soil enzyme activity,bacterial community structure and function were analyzed.Results showed that compared to the control,both P.indica and B.subtilis Tpb55 promoted tobacco growth and increased dry or fresh matter accumulation,and PI+Tpb55 exhibited apparently higher effect than the single PI or Tpb55(p<0.05).PI,Tpb55,and PI+Tpb55 increased the activities of sucrase,urease,and acid phosphatase in tobacco rhizosphere soil,with the most significant effect(p<0.05)in PI+Tpb55.The above three treatments also increased the number,richness,and diversity of bacterial OTUs in tobacco rhizosphere soil,among which PI+Tpb55 exhibited significant effect,with Chao 1 index increased by 43.9%and Simpson index decreased by 10.1%.After PI+Tpb55 treatment,compared with the control,the relative abundance of Gemmatimonadota,Actinobacteria,and Acidobacteriota increased by 40%,20.6%,and 90%,respectively.The relative abundance of Gemmatimonas,Vicinamidobacteriaceae,and Haliangium increased by 35.5%,86.5%,and 135.7%,respectively,up to significant level(p<0.05).Functional prediction of bacterial community indicated that PI,Tpb55 and PI+Tpb55 increased the abundance of functional genes of bacterial community tricarboxylic acid cycle.In conclusion,both the strain P.indica and B.subtilis Tpb55 can promote tobacco growth and improve soil characteristics,with the optimal effect in the synergistic treatment.

关 键 词：促生菌 根际土壤酶活性 细菌多样性 细菌群落功能 烟草 

分 类 号：Q939.96[生物学—微生物学]