优化求解器在水库防洪调度中的应用研究  

Research on the application of optimization solver in flood operation for reservoirs

作　　者：宁亚伟 任明磊[1,2] 张俊彬 刘昌军 NING Yawei;REN Minglei;ZHANG Junbin;LIU Changjun(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038;Research Center on Flood and Drought Disaster Reduction of the Ministry of Water Resources(Flood and Drought Disaster Prevention Center),Beijing 100038;Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [2]水利部防洪抗旱减灾工程技术研究中心(水旱灾害防御中心),北京100038 [3]沈阳农业大学,沈阳110866

出　　处：《中国防汛抗旱》2025年第3期15-20,共6页China Flood & Drought Management

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3006400、2022YFC006404)。

摘　　要：与常规调度相比,水库防洪优化调度更能充分发挥水库的防洪效益。但由于水库防洪优化调度模型决策变量多、约束多,面临着全局最优求解难、计算量大、耗时长的问题。优化求解器是求解大规模线性或非线性最优化问题的有效工具,但在水库防洪调度领域应用研究较少。为提升水库防洪优化调度模型的求解效率和求解质量,针对漳卫河流域岳城水库防洪优化调度模型,引入两种常用优化求解器SCIP和CPLEX,以“2021.7”洪水为例进行优化调度模拟计算,并与传统逐步优化算法(POA)进行对比。研究结果表明,两种优化求解器计算的漳河岳城水库最高水位和南陶断面最大流量相等且部分情况下优于POA;CPLEX耗时最短,对近900个时段的调洪过程也可以在1 min左右完成,显著优于SCIP和POA。Compared with conventional optimization,flood control optimization for reservoirs can give full play to the flood manggement benefits of reservoirs.However,due to the large number of decision variables and constraints in the flood control optimization model for reservoirs,it faces the problems of difficulty in solving the global optimal solution,large amount of calculation and long time consumption.Optimization solver is an effective tool for solving large-scale linear or nonlinear optimization problems,but it is rarely used in the field of flood scheduling for reservoirs.In order to improve the solution efficiency and quality of flood control optimization scheduling model for reservoirs,this study takes the Yuecheng Reservoir in the Zhangwei River Basin with"2021.7"flood as an example,introduces two commonly used optimization solvers SCIP and CPLEX and compares them with the traditional POA algorithm.The research results show that the highest water level of Yuecheng Reservoir and the maximum flow of Nantao calculated by the two optimization solvers are equal,both better than POA in some cases;CPLEX takes the shortest time,basically completing it for nearly 900 time periods in about 1 minute,which is significantly better than SCIP and POA.

关 键 词：水库防洪调度 优化求解器 最优解 智能优化算法 岳城水库 

分 类 号：TV877[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV697.1