不同育秧基质对太湖农区机插水稻南粳46秧苗素质、栽插质量及产量的影响  

Effects of Different Seedling Raising Substrates on Seedling Quality,Transplanting Quality and Yield of Machine-transplanted Rice Nanjing 46 in Taihu Agricultural Area

作　　者：凌学林 庄玮 李晓峰 杨晨晨 吴桂成[2] LING Xue-lin(Rural Work Office of Bacheng Town,Kunshan,Jiangsu215300)

机构地区：[1]昆山市巴城镇农村工作办公室,江苏昆山215300 [2]昆山市农业技术推广中心,江苏昆山215300

出　　处：《园艺与种苗》2025年第1期101-102,105,共3页Horticulture & Seed

基　　金：2023年中央农业生产发展专项——深化基层农技推广体系改革与建设(KS-zy-jy-202304)。

摘　　要：[目的]探索秸秆基质块在太湖农区大面积机插水稻适龄壮秧培育中的效果。[方法]以南粳46为供试材料,设计了秸秆基质块、商品基质、营养土3种育秧基质处理,系统比较了不同育秧基质对机插水稻南粳46秧苗素质、栽插质量及产量的影响。[结果] 3种育秧基质处理育出的秧苗均达到了机插秧壮秧标准,秸秆基质块处理的秧苗素质与营养土处理相当,均好于商品基质处理;3个处理均能实现大田高质量栽插,不需要人工辅助补苗;秸秆基质块处理产量与营养土处理相当,均较商品基质处理增产,其增产的主要原因是群体颖花量足,且灌浆结实性状较好。[结论]秸秆基质块能培育出机插水稻适量壮秧,加之其实现了秸秆废弃物的高效利用,生态环保、节本增效,具备较好的推广应用前景。[Objective]The aim was to explore the effect of straw substrate block on the cultivation of age-appropriate and strong seedlings of large-scale machine-transplanted rice in Taihu agricultural area.[Method]Taking Nanjing 46 as the test material,three kinds of seedling raising substrate treatments,including straw substrate block,commodity substrate and nutrient soil,were designed.The effects of different seedling raising substrates on seedling quality,planting quality and yield of machine-transplanted rice Nanjing 46 were systematically compared.[Result]The seedlings raised by the three kinds of seedling raising substrates all reached the standard of strong seedlings for mechanical transplanting.The quality of seedlings treated with straw substrate block was equivalent to that of nutrient soil treatment,which was better than that of commercial substrate treatment.All the three treatments could achieve high-quality planting in the field,and no artificial supplementary seedlings were needed.The yield of straw substrate block treatment was equivalent to that of nutrient soil treatment,which was higher than that of commercial substrate treatment.The main reason for the increase of yield was that the number of spikelets in the population was sufficient,and the grain filling and fruiting traits were better.[Conclusion]Straw substrate block can cultivate a proper amount of strong seedlings for machine-transplanted rice.In addition,it can realize the efficient utilization of straw waste,ecological and environmental protection,cost saving and efficiency increasing,and has a good prospect of popularization and application.

关 键 词：太湖农区 秸秆基质块 秧苗素质 栽插质量 产量及其结构 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]