基于机载对地通信多径信道建模的共形阵波束形成研究  

Conformal Array Beamforming Based on Multipath Channel Modeling for Airborne Ground-to-ground Communication

作　　者：杨永舟 何锋[1] 吕旭宁 付嘉俊 YANG Yongzhou;HE Feng;LV Xuning;FU Jiajun(School of Electronics and Information Engineering,Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Beijing 100191 China;School of Intergated Circuits and Electronics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081 China;Shenyuan Honors College of Beihang University,Beijing 100191 China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院,北京100191 [2]北京理工大学集成电路与电子学院,北京100081 [3]北京航空航天大学高等理工学院,北京100191

出　　处：《西华大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期120-126,共7页Journal of Xihua University:Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：高速飞行器对地通信存在更强的多径和多普勒效应,为使机载共形阵列具有更好的多径抑制波束能力,并改善通信质量,需要结合对地复杂多径信道开展波束形成研究。本文从离岸山脉、热带海洋和复杂山区等典型场景中分析多径信道的场景适配性,完成了高速对地多径信道的建模;然后建立适用于机载环境的共形阵列天线模型,并充分考虑极化和孔径效应等因素;最后进行接收LSMI窄带波束形成仿真,得出多径和非多径信道阵列接收的波束图和波束扫描结果,并与多径和非多径条件下的传统线阵性能进行对比分析。结果表明,机载对地通信的复杂多径信道,会明显弱化共形阵在空域滤波的性能,使性能至少下降3 dB。In order to make the airborne conformal array have better multi-path suppression ability and improve the communication quality,it is necessary to carry out beamforming research in combination with the complex multi-path channel to earth.In this paper,the adaptation of multipath channels was analyzed from typical scenes such as offshore mountains,tropical oceans and complex mountains,and the modeling of high-speed multipath channels to ground was completed.Then,a conformal array antenna model was established which is suitable for airborne environment,and the polarization and aperture effects were fully considered.Finally,the receiving LSMI beamforming simulation was carried out under the narrowband as-sumption,and the received beam pattern and beam scanning results of the multi-path channel array were ob-tained,and the results are compared with the traditional uniform line properties under multi-path and non-multi-path conditions.The results show that the complex multipath channel of airborne to ground commu-nication can significantly weaken the performance of conformal array filtering in airspace,resulting in at least 3 dB performance degradation.

关 键 词：多径信道 共形阵列 波束形成 对地通信 

分 类 号：TN820[电子电信—信息与通信工程] TN971