儿童家长对药品不良反应的认知-态度-行为(KAP)调查分析  

Analysis of parents'Knowledge-Attitude-Practice(KAP)survey on adverse drug reactions in children

作　　者：王艺淋 Wang Yilin(Huairou District Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Beijing 101400,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市怀柔区妇幼保健院,北京101400

出　　处：《首都食品与医药》2025年第5期82-85,共4页Capital Food Medicine

摘　　要：目的 了解我院就诊儿童的家长对药品不良反应相关知识的认知情况,为我院合理开展相关药学服务提供参考.方法 对2024年1月-6月在我院儿科候诊、就诊或等待取药的儿童家长随机抽取800人,采用纸质问卷或者问卷星两种方式进行调查.本调查问卷的内容包括家长的基本情况、药品不良反应的认知情况及应对方式等,问卷在调查完毕后现场收回.药师对收集的调查结果进行筛选,确定有效问卷数量并对其进行分析、统计.结果 参与本次调查的人数为800人,总回收数量798份,总回收率为99.75%,有效问卷总数量786份,总有效率为98.25%.有效调查问卷患儿家长中,男435例(55.34%),女351例(44.66%),年龄最小22岁,最大72岁,其中30-49岁年龄的占比为50.89%,学历高中及初中以下占比为44.27%,本科及以上占比为55.73%,农村户口占比为34.22%,城镇户口占比为65.78%.儿童家长对不良反应的认知情况分析,33.59%的家长表示自己不知道不良反应这一概念,大多数家长不能判断孩子是否出现过不良反应,占比达到82.57%.问及不良反应出现的原因时,有78.50%的家长认为是非自身原因.关于处理措施问题,结果显示大部分人可能知道如何处理不良反应.出现不良反应后会就医占比为31.93%.发生ADR不愿上报的主要原因是不知道上报到哪里(60.56%),其次是嫌太麻烦,没时间上报(34.86%),家长普遍对上报不良反应事件配合度不高.儿童家长获取不良反应相关知识的途径主要通过查阅药品说明书(55.60%),其次为医生、药师、护士(24.81%),新闻、网络途径、书籍(13.74%),健康讲座、培训(3.44%),药店咨询(2.42%).结论 应加强对患者的安全用药指导与宣传、提高儿童家长对药品不良反应的认知及正确的应对措施,确保儿童用药安全.Objective To investigate the cognition of adverse drug reactions among parents of children who came to our hospital,and provide reference for rational pharmaceutical care in our hospital.Methods From January to June 2024,800 parents of children who were waiting for treatment,treatment or medicine in our hospital were randomly selected and investigated by paper questionnaire or questionnaire star.The questionnaire investigated the parents'basic situation,cognition and coping style of adverse drug reactions,and was collected on site after completion.Pharmacists screened the collected survey results,determined the number of valid questionnaires,and analyzed and counted them.Results 800 people participated in the survey,the total number of recovered people was 798,the total recovery rate was 99.75%,the total number of valid questionnaires was 786,the total effective rate was 98.25%.Among the valid questionnaires,there were 435 males(55.34%)and 351 females(44.66%),aged from 22 to 72 years old,of which 50.89%were aged 30-49,44.27%were educated in high school or lower middle school,55.73%were undergraduate or above,and 34.22%were registered in rural areas.The proportion of urban households is 65.78%.Analysis of children's parents'cognition of adverse reactions,33.59%of parents said they did not know the concept of adverse reactions.Most parents could not judge whether their children had any adverse reactions,accounting for 82.57%.When asked about the cause of adverse reactions,78.50%of parents thought that it was not their own cause.As a result,most people probably know how to deal with adverse reactions.If ADR occurred,they would seek medical treatment(31.93%).If ADR occurred,the main reason for reluctance to report was that they did not know where to report on the road(60.56%),followed by too much trouble and no time to report(34.86%).Parents generally did not have high cooperation in reporting adverse reactions.Children's parents obtained knowledge about adverse reactions mostly through consulting drug instructions(5

关 键 词：儿童家长 药品不良反应 KAP调查 用药安全 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]