不同气凝胶复合墙体的冬季保温性能对比研究  

Comparative Study on the Winter Thermal Insulation Properties of Different Aerogel Composite Walls

作　　者：杨建明 吴会军[2] 梁玉莹 庄浩杰 YANG Jianming;WU Hujun;LIANG Yuying;ZHUANG Haojie(School of Automation,Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University,Guangzhou 510665,China;School of Civil Engineering,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering,City University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China)

机构地区：[1]广东技术师范大学自动化学院,广州510665 [2]广州大学土木工程学院,广州510006 [3]香港城市大学土木与建筑工程学院,中国香港999077

出　　处：《建筑科学》2025年第2期75-83,共9页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“超低能耗建筑变物性围护结构的动态热响应与自适应机理研究”(52108073)。

摘　　要：气凝胶作为1种新型建筑绝热材料,由于应用成本相对较高,其大规模应用受到了一定限制。本文旨在探讨如何高效地应用气凝胶,以提升建筑保温性能和减小气凝胶用量。将气凝胶墙体中应用形式分为混凝土、涂料和纤维板,建立了不同形式气凝胶复合墙体的热阻热容简化模型,并与Fluent仿真对比验证了模型的可靠性。以严寒地区为例,研究了气凝胶形式对墙体当量厚度、热阻以及冬季保温性能的影响,结果表明:采用纤维板复合形式可大幅减少气凝胶用量,比混凝土和涂料形式节省约52%和43%;而且,气凝胶纤维板墙的冬季保温性能最好,较基准墙提升约50%。因此,气凝胶在墙体中的应用宜优先采用与纤维板复合的方式,以提升应用能效和减小气凝胶用量。Aerogel,as a new type of building insulation material,has been limited in large-scale applications due to its relatively high costs.This paper aimed to explore efficient ways to apply aerogel in order to improve the thermal performance of buildings and reduce the amount of aerogel used.The application forms of aerogel in wall systems were divided into concrete,coatings,and fiberboard.Simplified models of thermal resistance and thermal capacitance were established for different forms of aerogel composite walls,and the winter thermal performance was predicted.The reliability of the models was verified by comparing them with Fluent simulation results.With severe cold regions as an example,this paper studied the effects of aerogel form on the equivalent thickness,thermal resistance,and winter thermal insulation performance of composite walls.The results showed that using fiberboard as a composite form can significantly reduce the amount of aerogel used,saving about 52%and 43%compared to concrete and coatings,respectively.Moreover,the aerogel fiberboard walls exhibited the best overall winter thermal insulation performance,with an improvement of approximately 50%compared to the baseline wall.Therefore,the preferred application method for aerogel in walls is to combine it with fiberboard,which can enhance application efficiency and reduce the amount of aerogel used.

关 键 词：气凝胶涂料 气凝胶纤维板 气凝胶混凝土 建筑墙体 保温性能 

分 类 号：TU551[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]