面向电力调节需求的空调系统灵活性潜力评估与应用现状  

Current Status of Application and Flexibility Potential Assessment of Airconditioning Systems for the Need of Power Regulation

作　　者：潘全成 宋玮琼[1] 张吉 刘硕 刘晓华 PAN Quancheng;SONG Weiqiong;ZHANG Ji;LIU Shuo;LIU Xiaohua(Customer Service Center,State Grid Beijing Electric Power Company,Beijing 100162,China;Building Energy Research Center,School of Architecture,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]国网北京市电力公司客服中心,北京100162 [2]清华大学建筑学院,建筑节能研究中心,北京100084

出　　处：《建筑科学》2025年第2期260-271,289,共13页Building Science

基　　金：国网北京市电力公司科技项目(520224230004)。

摘　　要：新能源发电比例的增加是实现“双碳”目标过程中电力系统转型的必然趋势,用电侧负荷特性变化导致的峰谷差拉大是其转型所面对的主要难题。需求响应是电力系统调峰降负的重要举措。空调系统能耗占比高,柔性负荷大,在需求响应中一直发挥着重要的调控作用,但在供给侧结构变化,用户侧用能行为转变的情况下,空调系统如何继续发挥其柔性资源,如何应对供需关系的动态变化是在新型电力系统构建中亟须探讨的问题。本文从空调系统在不同需求响应指标引导下的用能行为和空调系统的调控策略优化方法两个层面论述了空调系统在需求响应事件中的能动作用和应用现状,并针对新型电力系统下需求响应对空调系统的新要求,论述空调系统的应对措施和可行方案。The increase in the proportion of power generated by renewable energy is an inevitable trend of power system revolution in the process of realizing the"carbon peaking and neutrality"goals,and the rising peak-to-valley difference due to the change in the load profile of the power demand side is the main issue faced by the power system revolution.Demand response is an important initiative for reducing peak loads.Heating,ventilation and air conditioning(HVAC)systems with high energy use and large flexible loads have been playing an important scheduling role in demand response.However,in the case of structural changes on the supply side and changes in energy use behavior on the user side,how the HVAC system continues to maintain its flexible resources,and how to cope with the dynamic changes in the relationship between supply and demand are issues that need to be urgently explored in the building process of new power systems.This paper discussed the role of HVAC systems in demand response events in two aspects:energy use behavior of HVAC systems guided by different demand response indexes and optimization methods for regulation strategies of HVAC systems.In addition,for the new requirement for HVAC systems under the new power system demand response,the paper set forth the countermeasures and feasible solutions for HVAC systems.

关 键 词：新型电力系统 空调系统 需求响应 负荷控制 柔性潜力 优化策略 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]