既有建筑围护结构性能改造实施前评估体系优化研究——热湿性能评估专项拓展及案例劣化风险评估路径示范  

Optimization Research on Pre-implementation Assessment System for Existing Building Envelope Performance Retrofit——Expansion of Hygrothermal Performance Assessment and Case Deterioration Risk Assessment Path Demonstration

作　　者：刘益如 曹永康 丁雨薇 LIU Yiru;CAO Yongkang;DING Yuwei(Shanghai Jiao Tong University,School of Design,Shanghai 200030,China;SBA GmbH,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学设计学院,上海200030 [2]上海思倍安建设咨询有限公司,上海200433

出　　处：《建筑科学》2025年第2期279-289,共11页Building Science

摘　　要：存量时代下,既有建筑改造已成为城市可持续发展重要方向。20世纪80年代起中国大量建设的高层住宅是当前城市更新的首选对象,这类建筑多数存在原设计不完善、施工不规范、历史改造决策不当等问题,改造难度较大。本文就建筑围护结构性能提升方面,聚焦既有高层住宅建筑群体,对该类群体改造实施前的性能评估体系进行优化。基于现有围护结构性能评估体系,强调耐候性评估,重点拓展围护结构热湿性能评估专项。该专项引入时间维度,通过模拟工具,建立符合具体建筑条件的围护结构动态热湿耦合传递模型,从定性、定量的角度对模型进行针对性分析。从评估专项和评估指标两方面,对现有性能改造评估体系进行热湿专项补充,并进一步细化评估路径。最后,以上海市静安区既有高层住宅——武定大楼为例,示范建筑劣化评估及风险预判技术路径。In the era of stock,the retrofit of existing buildings has become an important direction for sustainable urban development.A large number of high-rise residential buildings constructed in China since the 1980s have become the preferred targets for current urban renewal.These buildings mostly have issues such as imperfect original design,non-standard construction work,and improper historical retrofit decisions,making retrofit more challenging.This paper focused on the performance improvement of the building envelope structure,targeting the group of existing high-rise residential buildings,and optimized the performance assessment system for the group before implementing retrofit.Based on the existing performance assessment system for building envelopes,it emphasized the assessment of weather resistance and focused on expanding the special project of evaluating the hygrothermal performance of building envelopes.By introducing the dimension of time,the special project employed simulation tools to establish a dynamic coupled heat and moisture transfer model of building envelopes that conforms to the specific conditions of buildings,which was then analyzed from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives.In addition,the paper also supplemented the existing performance assessment system and refined the technical path in terms of the special assessment project and assessment indicators.Finally,taking the existing high-rise residential building in Jing'an District of Shanghai-Wuding Building as an example,it demonstrated the technical path to building deterioration assessment and risk prediction.

关 键 词：既有建筑性能改造 现状评估 改造实施前评估 风险预警 热湿耦合传递 动态评估体系 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]