大黄“中”义抉微  

Study on the meaning of‘zhong’in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma

作　　者：闫醒刚 常冰 呼兴华 李耀辉 YAN Xinggang;CHANG Bing;HU Xinghua;LI Yaohui(Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xi'an 710003,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省中医药研究院,西安710003

出　　处：《中华中医药杂志》2025年第2期671-674,共4页China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：四川省社会科学重点研究基地(扩展)“中国出土医学文献与文物研究中心”一般项目(No.2021C05);国家中医药传承创新中心(No.202203)。

摘　　要：通过梳理早期文献,发现大黄“中”的义涵丰富。大黄正、别名均寓中土之义。功效上,大黄能调中、安中、缓中、练中、濡中,即其能调中焦脾胃之气、安胃中逆气(即下气降逆)并除烦、宽中除腹满且缓急止腹痛、荡涤脘腹胸胁痰癖兼除宿食、缓通濡养脾胃进而使五脏安和通利。组方配伍方面,大黄具备中土随顺之德,德流四布,药随方化,攘外安中,成其将军之用。大黄别名最早实为“中将军”,与“中”义密切相关。By reviewing early literature,it was found that the meaning of'zhong'in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma is rich.Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and its alias both imply the meaning of middle earth;In terms of efficacy,Rhei Radix et Rhizoma can regulate the qi of the spleen and stomach,reduce the adverse qi in the stomach,remove the abdominal fullness,relieve the abdominal pain,remove the phlegm turbidity of the abdomen and chest,remove the stale food,nourish the spleen and stomach,and make the five internal organs safe and smooth.In terms of composition and compatibility,Rhei Radix et Rhizoma possesses the virtue of following the rules of the middle earth,morality spreads in four prescriptions,and the efficacy of drugs changes with the changes of prescriptions,so as to achieve the purpose of generals.The nickname‘the general of middle troops'is closely related to the meaning of‘zhong.

关 键 词：大黄 脾胃 《神农本草经》 《备急千金要方》 《千金翼方》 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]