碳排放权交易机制与企业审计费用  

Carbon Emission Trading Mechanism and Enterprise Audit Fee

作　　者：陶春华 张资政 孙凯 Tao Chunhua;Zhang Zizheng;Sun Kai

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学商学院/桂林理工大学环境会计研究所,541004

出　　处：《审计研究》2025年第1期119-132,共14页Auditing Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(项目批准号:72372122);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(项目批准号:22YJC630081);广西哲学社会科学规划项目(项目批准号:21BGL011);广西壮族自治区科技智库成果(广西资源环境科技创新与绿色低碳发展研究智库)的资助。

摘　　要：碳排放权交易机制作为推进我国双碳目标实现的重要政策工具,是否能够切实发挥市场激励型环境规制的有效性,是当前亟须解答的问题。本文选取2010-2022年我国A股上市公司为研究样本,采用多期双重差分法,从企业审计费用视角检验碳排放权交易机制的微观经济效应。实证结果表明,碳排放权交易机制能够显著降低企业审计费用。中介机制分析表明,碳排放权交易机制能够通过缓解企业信息不对称、降低企业风险及改善企业环境绩效进而降低企业审计费用。扩展性分析表明,碳排放权交易机制降低企业审计费用的效应在所处碳排放权交易市场采取初始配额付费方式、非履约主体较活跃以及年碳均价较高时更显著;同时,此效应在审计师行业专长较强以及所在地区的政府对环保问题的关注程度较高的企业中也更为显著。本文为政府相关部门进一步推进与完善碳排放权交易机制提供了一定的经验证据。Whether the carbon emission trading mechanism,an important policy tool to promote the realization of China's carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals,could effectively ensure the efficacy of market-oriented environmental regulation is a question that needs to be answered.This paper selects A-share listed companies in China from 2010 to 2022 as the research sample,and uses the multi-period DID model to examine the microeconomic effects of the carbon emission trading mechanism from the perspective of enterprise audit fees.Empirical results show that the carbon emission trading mechanism can significantly reduce enterprise audit fees.The mediating mechanism analysis shows that the carbon emission trading mechanism can reduce enterprise audit fees by alleviating enterprises'information asymmetry,reducing risks,and improving environmental performance.The extension analysis indicates that the effect of carbon emission trading mechanism in reducing enterprise auditing costs is more significant in the carbon emission trading market where the initial quota payment method is adopted,non-compliance entities are more active or the annual carbon average price is higher;this effect is also more significant in enterprises where the auditor's professional expertise is stronger and the regional government's environmental protection attention is higher.This study provides certain empirical evidence for government to further promote and improve the carbon emission trading mechanism.

关 键 词：碳排放权交易机制 审计费用 信息不对称 企业风险 环境绩效 

分 类 号：F23[经济管理—会计学]