侧板用HJ58和WL510钢自动焊工艺及焊缝组织与性能研究  

Study on automatic welding process and microstructure and properties of weld seam of HJ58 and WL510 steels for side plate

作　　者：靖微 王小伟 刘书明 邹文凤 张旗[2] 杨岩 JING Wei;WANG Xiaowei;LIU Shuming;ZOU Wenfeng;ZHANG Qi;YANG Yan(China Weapons Industry Group Jiangshan Heavy Industry Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Xiangyang 441005,China;Materials Science and Engineering,School of Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;College of Mechanical&Energy Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]中国兵器工业集团江山重工研究院有限公司,湖北襄阳441005 [2]武汉工程大学材料科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [3]北京工业大学机械与能源工程学院,北京100124

出　　处：《兵器材料科学与工程》2025年第2期133-138,共6页Ordnance Material Science and Engineering

摘　　要：侧板主要由连接梁(HJ58高强钢)和槽钢(WL510低合金钢)组成,针对手工焊接侧板焊缝质量难以保证、生产效率低的问题。采用正交试验法摸索了侧板的最优自动焊接工艺参数,并对典型焊件的显微组织、断口形貌等进行了表征分析,验证了最优工艺参数对高质量焊接的有效性。结果表明:当焊接速度为19 cm/min、焊接电流为128 A、气体流量为18 L/min、摆幅为1.3 mm时,焊缝成形较好,抗拉强度平均值为587.5±2.5 MPa,弯曲后无裂纹产生;焊缝区柱状晶沿水平方向向外生长,熔合区两侧组织基本相同,为铁素体+珠光体,组织最佳;拉伸断口表面韧窝直径小且深,硬度较为稳定,力学性能最优。The side plate is mainly composed of connecting beams(HJ58 high⁃strength steel)and channel steels(WL510 low⁃alloy steel).To address the issues of poor weld quality and low production efficiency in manual welding of side plates,the optimal automatic welding process parameters were explored using the orthogonal test method.The microstructure and fracture morphology of typical welded parts were characterized and analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the optimal process parameters in achieving high⁃quality welding.The results show that when the welding speed is 19 cm/min,the welding current is 128 A,the gas flow rate is 18 L/min,and the swing amplitude is 1.3 mm,the weld formation is good,with an average tensile strength of 587.5±2.5 MPa and no cracks after bending.The columnar crystals in the weld zone grow outward in the horizontal direction,and the microstructure on both sides of the fusion zone is basically the same,being ferrite+pearlite,which is the best microstructure.The tensile fracture surface has small and deep dimples,and the hardness is relatively stable,indicating the best mechanical properties.

关 键 词：侧板 自动焊接 正交试验 显微组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG442[金属学及工艺—焊接]