间断式改进暗管排水流量的计算方法  

A method for calculating drainage flow in intermittent improved subsurface pipes

作　　者：金铭锐 陶园[1,2] 王少丽[1,2] 管孝艳[1,2] JIN Mingrui;TAO Yuan;WANG Shaoli;GUAN Xiaoyan(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China;National Center of Efficient Irrigation Engineering and Technology Research-Beijing,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048 [2]国家节水灌溉北京工程技术研究中心,北京100048

出　　处：《水利学报》2025年第2期205-215,共11页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900600);北京市科协青年人才托举工程项目(BYESS2023198)。

摘　　要：为应对涝渍灾害频发、耕地资源紧缺的问题,提出一种排水流量较大、占用耕地较少的间断式改进暗管排水结构。一般常规暗管渗流可以简化为二维计算,但间断式改进暗管在排水过程中存在柱体砂滤料的三维绕流,形成相对复杂的空间渗流结构。基于沙金煊的非完整井排水流量公式和常用的暗管排水流量计算公式,提出地表无积水情况下间断式改进暗管排水流量的简化计算方法,结合田间试验和HYDRUS数值模拟进行验证,并分析排水过程中各部分流量占比。结果表明,提出的间断式改进暗管排水流量的理论计算方法合理可行,间断式改进暗管排水流量的理论计算值与田间试验实测值、模拟值的平均相对误差分别为6.97%和-2.84%;随排水时间增加柱体砂滤料内部排水流量占总流量比值逐渐下降,柱体砂滤料外部进水流量占总流量比值不断增加;柱体砂滤料越高,其内部排水持续时间越长;柱体砂滤料布设间距越小,其内部排水与外部进水流量之和占总流量比值越大;间断式改进暗管排水流量计算方法在壤土、粉土中均适用。研究结果可为丰富农田排水理论和暗管工程建设提供思路与参考。To address the issues of frequent waterlogging disasters in the field and the scarcity of arable land resources,an intermittent improved subsurface pipe drainage structure was proposed,which offers a larger drainage flow and occupies less farmland.In general,the conventional subsurface pipe can be simplified to two-dimensional calculation,but the intermittent improved subsurface pipe has three-dimensional seepage around the cylinder sand filter in the process of drainage,forming a relative complex spatial seepage structure.By combining the drainage formula of Sha Jinxuan partially penetrating well and the drainage formula of conventional subsurface pipe,a simplified method for calculating intermittent improved subsurface pipe drainage flow in the absence of surface water was given.Field experiments were combined with HYDRUS numerical simulations to verify the results,and the flow proportion of each part in the drainage process was analyzed.The results show that the theoretical calculation method for intermittent improved subsurface pipe flow is reasonable and feasible,and the average relative error between the theoretical calculation and the measured value and the simulated value is 6.97%and-2.84%,respectively.With the increase in drainage time,the proportion of internal drainage flow to total flow in the cylindrical sand filter gradually decreased,while the proportion of external inlet flow to the total flow continuously increased.The higher the cylindrical sand filter material is,the longer the internal drainage duration is,the smaller the spacing of the cylinder sand filter material,the greater the proportion of the sum of internal drainage and external inlet flow to the total flow.The discontinuous improved method for calculating subsurface pipe drainage flow is suitable for both loam and silt.The research results provide ideas and references to enrich the drainage theory of agricultural land and the construction of subsurface pipe projects.

关 键 词：间断式改进暗管排水 柱体砂滤料 排水流量 HYDRUS 

分 类 号：S276.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]