一种新型椎弓根钉棒系统的设计及生物力学研究  

The design and biomechanical study of a new pedicle screw rod system

作　　者：李鹏 刘琪 赵金柱 陶春生 LI Peng;LIU Qi;ZHAO Jinzhu;TAO Chunsheng(Department of Orthopedics,No.971 Hospital of PLA Navy,Qingdao 266071)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军海军第971医院骨科一病区,青岛266071

出　　处：《颈腰痛杂志》2025年第1期136-142,共7页The Journal of Cervicodynia and Lumbodynia

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(202004070316)。

摘　　要：目的基于椎弓根钉棒系统圆形棒存在旋转不稳定及易于爆丝的不足,设计一种新型U型棒脊柱内固定系统。方法将传统的连接棒从圆柱形改为拱门型设计,依照YY/T 0857-2011测试标准,对设计样品进行静态压缩测试、静态拉伸测试、静态扭转测试、压缩疲劳测试、静态前屈和后伸及侧屈测试。结果每组测试5个样品,静态压缩测试:2%残余位移(1.52±0)mm,弹性位移(13.26±0.18)mm,拉伸弯曲屈服载荷(537.48±11.83)N,拉伸弯曲刚度(40.54±1.05)N/mm;静态拉伸测试:2%残余位移(1.52±0)mm,弹性位移(13.28±0.17)mm,拉伸弯曲屈服载荷(564.56±16.17)N,拉伸弯曲刚度(42.54±1.69)N/mm;静态扭转测试:2%残余角位移(1.95±0)°,弹性角位移(15.07±0.18)°,屈服扭矩(25.08±0.71)Nm,扭转刚度(1.67±0.06)Nm/°;压缩疲劳测试:载荷16~160 N,循环5000000次,未失效;静态前屈测试:2%残余位移(1.52±0)mm,弹性位移(21.23±0.13)mm,压缩弯曲屈服载荷(849.92±19.20)N,压缩弯曲刚度(39.46±0.66)N/mm,压缩弯曲极限位移(39.97±0.59)mm,压缩弯曲极限载荷(987.16±16.10)N;静态后伸测试:2%残余位移(1.52±0)mm,弹性位移(21.11±0.15)mm,拉伸弯曲屈服载荷(732.75±15.20)N,拉伸弯曲刚度(36.23±3.55)N/mm,拉伸弯曲极限位移(37.50±0.47)mm,拉伸弯曲极限载荷(802.71±13.18)N;静态侧屈测试:2%残余角位移(1.95±0)°,弹性角移位(11.36±0.22)°,屈服扭矩(20.49±0.45)Nm,扭转刚度(1.77±0.08)Nm/°。测试过程中未见顶丝爆丝及U型棒旋转松动,测试结果符合脊柱椎弓根钉棒系统生物力学行业标准。结论该系统具有良好的生物力学性能,顶丝在同等锁定效果下面对面平分正压力,显著降低顶丝爆丝发生率,同时避免连接棒发生旋转松动,能够减少临床术后内固定失效发生率,具有较好的临床应用前景。Objective To solve the problems of the round rod of pedicle screw system such as unstable in rotation and breakage of thread,a new type of U-shaped rod spinal internal fixation system was designed.Methods A U-shaped connecting rod was designed.In accordance with YY/T 0857-2011 test standards,static compression test,static tensile test,static torsion test,compression fatigue test,static forward bend test,static extension test,and static lateral flexion test were carried out on the samples.Results Five samples were tested in each group.The static compression tests were as follows:2%residual displacement(1.52±0)mm,elastic displacement(13.26±0.18)mm,tensile bending yield load(537.48±11.83)N,tensile bending stiffness(40.54±1.05)N/mm.Static tensile test:2%residual displacement(1.52±0)mm,elastic displacement(13.28±0.17)mm,tensile bending yield load(564.56±16.17)N,tensile bending stiffness(42.54±1.69)N/mm.Static torsion test:2%residual angular displacement(1.95±0)°,elastic angular displacement(15.07±0.18)°,yield torque(25.08±0.71)Nm,torsional stiffness(1.67±0.06)Nm/°.Compression fatigue test:load 16-160 N,cycle 5000000 times,and there was no failure.Static forward bend test:2%residual displacement(1.52±0)mm,elastic displacement(21.23±0.13)mm,compressive bending yield load(849.92±19.20)N,compressive bending stiffness(39.46±0.66)N/mm,compression bending ultimate displacement(39.97±0.59)mm,compressive bending ultimate load(987.16±16.10)N;Static extension test:2%residual displacement(1.52±0)mm,elastic displacement(21.11±0.15)mm,tensile bending yield load(732.75±15.20)N,tensile bending stiffness(36.23±3.55)N/mm,tensile bending ultimate displacement(37.50±0.47)mm,tensile bending ultimate load(802.71±13.18)N;Static lateral flexion test:2%residual angular displacement(1.95±0)°,elastic angular displacement(11.36±0.22)°,yield torque(20.49±0.45)Nm,torsional stiffness(1.77±0.08)Nm/°.During the test,no top thread breakage or U-shaped rod rotation looseness was found,and the test results met the biome

关 键 词：椎弓根螺钉系统 改良 设计 生物力学 脊柱疾病 内固定术 

分 类 号：R687.3[医药卫生—骨科学]