刈割加水淹与刈割加遮阴处理对互花米草生长的影响  

Effects of cutting+ffooding and cutting+shading treatments on the growth of Spartina alterniffora

作　　者：梁瀞文 张丽平 于文涛 倪舒静 游巍斌[1,2,3] 何东进 LIANG Jingwen;ZHANG Liping;YU Wentao;NI Shujing;YOU Weibin;HE Dongjin(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Fujian Southern Forest Resources and Environmental Engineering Technology Center,Fuzhou 350002,China;School of JunCao Science and Ecology(College of Carbon Neutrality),Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 50002,China;Fujian Key Laboratory for Technology Research of Inspection and Quarantine,Technology Centre of Fuzhou Customs District,Fuzhou 350001,China;Fujian Agricultural Vocational and Technical College,Fuzhou 350119,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福州350002 [2]福建省南方森林资源与环境工程技术中心,福州350002 [3]福建农林大学菌草与生态学院(碳中和学院),福州350002 [4]福州海关技术中心,福建省检验检疫重点实验室,福州350001 [5]福建农业职业技术学院,福州350119

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2025年第1期23-32,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2022J01575)资助。

摘　　要：互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)是全球最危险的外来入侵物种之一,对我国滨海湿地的经济、环境及生物多样性造成极大危害.为有效防控互花米草,设置刈割加不同程度遮阴处理的室外样地和刈割加不同水淹深度的室内试验,测定不同处理下不同时期的互花米草叶、茎、根等指标来揭示互花米草在两种处理下生长指标的变化特征.结果表明:(1)在刈割加水淹处理试验中,刈割加20 cm和刈割加25 cm水淹处理对互花米草的茎粗、叶、茎、根生物量有显著抑制作用(P<0.05),刈割加15 cm水淹与对照组互花米草所有生长指标均无显著差异(P>0.05).(2)在刈割加遮阴处理试验中,所有试验组对互花米草株高、茎粗、单株生物量均有极显著的抑制作用(P<0.01),其中刈割加90%遮阴处理较同期对照组对互花米草抑制程度最高,试验6个月后互花米草株高降低43%、茎粗减少38%、样方内生物量降低86%.(3)刈割加遮阴处理下互花米草绝对生长率均呈现负值,且有机物积累量随遮阴程度增加随之减少,其中刈割加90%遮阴处理下互花米草有机物积累量最少.本研究表明,刈割加高强度遮阴处理可以有效抑制互花米草的生长,治理效果最佳.(图4表5参35)Spartina alterniflora is one of the most dangerous invasive species worldwide and causes great harm to the economy,environment,and biodiversity of coastal wetlands in China.In this study,we aimed to identify efffcient prevention and control measures to manage S.alterniffora.To achieve this,outdoor sample plots with varying degrees of shading and indoor experiments with different water ffooding depths were set up under various treatments.These experiments were used to assess leaf,stem,root,and other indicators of S.alterniffora at different growth stages under different treatments to reveal the changes in the growth indicators of S.alterniflora under the two treatments.The results indicated that:(1)In the cutting+flooding treatment experiment,cutting+20 cm and cutting+25 cm ffooding treatments had a signiffcant inhibitory effect on the stem,leaf,and root biomass of S.alterniffora(P<0.05).However,no signiffcant difference was observed in any of the growth indicators between the cutting+15 cm ffooding and control groups(P>0.05).(2)In the cutting+shading treatment experiment,all experimental groups had a signiffcant inhibitory effect on the height,stem diameter,and individual biomass of S.alterniffora(P<0.01).Among them,the cutting+90%shading treatment had the highest inhibitory effect on S.alterniflora compared to that on the control group at the same time.After 6 months of the experiment,the height of S.alterniffora decreased by 43%,stem diameter decreased by 38%,and biomass in the plot decreased by 86%.(3)The absolute growth rate of S.alterniffora was negative under the cutting and shading treatments,and the accumulation of organic matter decreased with increasing shading.The organic matter accumulation of S.alterniffora was the lowest under the cutting and 90%shading treatments.In summary,cutting and high-intensity shading treatments can effectively inhibit the growth of S.alterniffora,making them the most effective methods for managing this invasive species.

关 键 词：互花米草 综合治理 刈割 水淹 遮阴 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]