人工种植沙棘模式下矸石山复垦土壤微生物和土壤酶活性变化:以祁连山双龙沟为例  

Soil microbial change and soil enzyme activity in reclaimed hillock with Hippophae rhamnoides plantations:a case study at the Shuanglonggou area in the eastern Qilian Mountains

作　　者：王理德[1,2,3] 赵赫然 宋达成 郑克文 王梓璇 吴昊 王景瑞[1,3] WANG Lide;ZHAO Heran;SONG Dacheng;ZHENG Kewen;WANG Zixuan;WU Hao;WANG Jingrui(Gansu Desert Control Research Institute,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Hexi Corridor Forest Ecosystem National Research Station,Wuwei 733000,China;Minqin National Station for Desert Steppe Ecosystem Studies,Minqin 733300,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Haxi Town in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County,Tianzhu 733206,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省治沙研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃河西走廊森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,武威733000 [3]甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,民勤733300 [4]天祝藏族自治县哈溪镇畜牧兽医站,天祝733206

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2025年第1期74-86,共13页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42167069);甘肃省重点人才项目(GZTZ20240415)资助。

摘　　要：为从土壤微生物和土壤酶活性角度探究人工种植沙棘模式下矸石山土壤修复成效,采用时空替代法,选择甘肃省天祝藏族自治县双龙沟矸石山不同修复年限(2年、5年和10年)人工沙棘林,以未治理的矸石山作为对照(CK)样地,测定并系统分析其土壤微生物(细菌、真菌和放线菌)数量、生物量(碳、氮和磷)及土壤酶(过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶和磷酸酶)活性变化及三者的相关性.结果表明,在修复2-10年及CK的4个样地中,土壤微生物数量以细菌最高,放线菌次之,真菌最低.土壤微生物生物量碳与土壤微生物生物量磷总体随着修复年限的延长而逐渐增加,最大值(385.562 mg/kg,24.414mg/kg)均出现在修复10年的样地中;土壤微生物生物量氮随着修复年限的延长变化规律不明显,最大值出现在修复5年的样地中.土壤酶活性变化趋势随着矸石山修复年限的增加呈波动式上升.不同土壤层(0-5 cm,20-25 cm及40-45 cm)土壤微生物数量、生物量及土壤酶活性随土层深度增加呈现降低趋势,并且表层土壤微生物生物量及土壤酶活性占有较大比例.土壤微生物及土壤酶活性的变化相互作用,特别是过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶与细菌、放线菌均存在显著(P<0.05)或者极显著(P<0.01)的正相关性,土壤真菌与土壤微生物生物量氮呈显著正相关(P<0.05),土壤放线菌与微生物生物量碳呈显著正相关(P<0.05).总体来看,人工辅助修复措施在提高区域土壤酶活性,调节土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌群落组成结构,改善土壤生物学性状等方面有显著作用,并且这种正向效应在5年之后愈发明显.(图2表6参59)To investigate the effectiveness of artificial Hippophae rhamnoides planting for the restoration of gangue hill soil from the perspective of soil microorganisms and enzyme activity,a space-for-time substitution method was employed.Various sample plots,including artiffcial H.rhamnoides forests of different restoration ages(2,5,and 10 years)and untreated gangue hills as controls(CK),in Shuanglonggou,Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County,Gansu Province,China,were selected.Systematic analyses and measurements of soil microorganisms(bacteria,fungi,and actinomycetes),biomass(carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus),and soil enzyme activities(catalase,sucrase,urease,and phosphatase)were conducted.The results revealed that among the four sample plots(2-10 years and CK),bacterial counts were the highest,followed by actinomycetes,with fungi being the lowest.Soil microbial biomass carbon and phosphorus generally increased with the extension of the restoration period,peaking at 10 years(385.562 and 24.414 mg/kg,respectively);however,the change in soil microbial biomass nitrogen was not as clear,with its maximum value observed at 5 years.Soil enzyme activity showed a fluctuating upward trend with the increasing restoration period.In the different soil layers(0-5 cm,20-25 cm,and 40-45 cm),the quantity and biomass of soil microorganisms and soil enzyme activity decreased with soil depth,with a signiffcant proportion found in the surface layer.Notable correlations existed between soil microbial and enzyme activity changes,with particularly signiffcant positive correlations(P<0.05 or P<0.01)between catalase,sucrase,alkaline phosphatase,bacteria,and actinomycetes.Soil fungi showed a signiffcant positive correlation with soil microbial biomass nitrogen(P<0.05),while soil actinomycetes were signiffcantly positively correlated with microbial biomass carbon(P<0.05).Overall,artiffcial restoration methods are more conducive to increasing soil microbial and enzyme activities,thus promoting soil development and the ecological restoration of gangue hil

关 键 词：祁连山双龙沟 矸石山 时空替代 土壤微生物 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]