从“东南亚”到“印太地区”:英国与《五国防务安排》的缘起及定位(1964—1971)  

From “Southeast Asia” to “Indo-Pacific Area”:The United Kingdom and the Origins and Positioning of the Five Power Defence Arrangements (1964-1971)

作　　者：彭永福 PENG Yongfu(Suzhou University of Science and Technology)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学社会发展与公共管理学院,江苏苏州215000

出　　处：《边界与海洋研究》2025年第1期69-90,共22页Journal of Boundary and Ocean Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“冷战时期英国对‘印太地区’秩序的规划与政策研究”(项目批准号:21CSS007)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《五国防务安排》是20世纪六七十年代英国全球战略收缩过程中保留在原远东殖民地的战略遗产。防务政策调整过程中,“印太战略”是关键举措,构建新的“区域”,将“东南亚”撤军问题泛化成英美在“印太地区”的安全利益重组,为重塑英国的政治利益和重新定位其安全角色创造了可能性。在此基础上,《五国宣言》将“政治承诺”限定为英联邦的紧急磋商,“军事能力”概念则强化英美在印度洋的基地建设合作。《五国防务安排》完成了从“东南亚”集体防务机制向“印太地区”防务合作的定位转变,其目的已然不是确保“东南亚”的政治稳定,而被视为维护“印太地区”安全利益的重要手段。“印太地区”的空间想象以及由此带来的区域定位调整是《五国防务安排》在缘起阶段的突出特点,也是它能够历经冷战并延续至今的关键因素。The Five Power Defence Arrangements is a British strategic legacy retained in the former Far East colonies during its global strategic withdrawal in the 1960s and 1970s.By establishing a new “region”,the concept of “Indo-Pacific Strategy” served as a pivotal approach to restructure the defense policy.This strategy extended the withdrawal issue of “Southeast Asia” to the reorganization of British and American security interests in the “Indo-Pacific Area”,and created possibility for reshaping Britain's political interests and security roles.On this basis,the Five Power Declaration limited “political commitments” to emergency consultations among the Commonwealth,the concept of “military capability” strengthened the base-building cooperation between the UK and the US in the Indian Ocean.The Five Power Defence Arrangements had successfully transitioned from a collective defense mechanism in “Southeast Asia” to a defence cooperation initiative in the “Indo-Pacific Area”.Its purpose no longer solely focused on ensuring political stability in “Southeast Asia”,but rather aimed to be recognized as a crucial means of safeguarding the security interests of the “Indo-Pacific Area”.The spatial imagination of the “Indo-Pacific Area” and the shift in regional orientation brought by it were prominent characteristics that marked the inception of the Five Power Defence Arrangements,and it is also a key factor contributing to its survival from the Cold War era until today.

关 键 词：《五国防务安排》 《五国宣言》 印太战略 印太地区 迪戈加西亚 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]