面向空间引力波探测的激光精密指向机构关键性能测试(特邀)  

Essential Performance Evaluation of the Laser Precision Pointing Mechanism for Space Gravitational Wave Detection(Invited)

作　　者：李阳[1,2,3,4] 刘彩云 傅昌康 张鸿铭 郭弘扬 赵梦阳 高瑞弘 王强 贺东[2,3,4] 黄永梅 LI Yang;LIU Caiyun;FU Changkang;ZHANG Hongming;GUO Hongyang;ZHAO Mengyang;GAO Ruihong;WANG Qiang;HE Dong;HUANG Yongmei(National Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610209,China;Key Laboratory of Optical Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610209,China;Institute of Optics and Electronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610209,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences,Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS),Hangzhou 310024,China;National Microgravity Laboratory,Institute of Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院光场调控科学技术全国重点实验室,成都610209 [2]中国科学院光束控制重点实验室,成都610209 [3]中国科学院光电技术研究所,成都610209 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [5]国科大杭州高等研究院基础物理与数学科学学院,杭州310024 [6]中国科学院力学研究所国家微重力实验室,北京100049

出　　处：《光子学报》2025年第2期3-14,共12页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划(No.2022YFC2203800)。

摘　　要：针对超前指向机构的测试需求,采用外差干涉光学系统和差分波前传感技术,以实现角度和距离的高精度一体式测量,并且对系统中的四种主要噪声源进行了分析。实验结果表明在10 mHz~1 Hz的频段内,所研制的超前指向机构指向控制噪声优于10 nrad/Hz^(1/2);在20 mHz~1 Hz的频段内,寄生位移噪声优于10 pm/Hz^(1/2)。验证了超前指向机构的性能指标,为推进空间引力波探测的相关技术发展提供了一定的参考依据。Space gravitational wave detection is highly sensitive to low-frequency gravitational radiation within the range of 0.1 mHz to 1 Hz.This frequency band is rich in astronomical events and high-intensity gravitational wave sources,making it a crucial area of research at the forefront of fundamental science.A space-based detector consists of three identical spacecraft flying in an equilateral triangle formation,essentially a giant Michelson interferometer placed in space.The space-time metric is altered when gravitational waves pass through.This"ripples in spacetime"can be reconstructed by observing variations in the distance between two freely suspended test masses.However,the point-ahead angle,which arises during the transmission of laser light over distances ranging from tens to millions of kilometers between two satellites in the gravitational wave constellation,varies due to residual seasonal variations and orbital evolution,making it challenging to fully optimize through orbital parameters alone.The Point Ahead Angle Mechanism(PAAM)is used to correct the beam offset and the residual point-ahead angle errors.It is a prerequisite for establishing inter-satellite laser links and ensuring that the space-based gravitational wave detection laser interferometry system enters the stage of scientific measurement.Additionally,since the disturbances acting on the test masses are extremely minimal,any change in the path length measured by the interferometer arms is attributed to gravitational waves.Thus,the PAAM is required to overcome parasitic displacement to the pico-meter level and ensure very rigid rotation perpendicular to the beam propagation direction to achieve nano-radian accuracy.It is an unprecedented challenge to evaluate the essential performance of the PAAM in terms of both precise pointing accuracy and displacement measurements.The RIJNEVEL N research team developed a picometer-stable scanning PAAM for the LISA mission and tested its performance using a triangular resonant cavity.Specifically,the mechanism

关 键 词：引力波探测 超前指向机构 差分波前传感 寄生位移 精密指向 低频噪声 

分 类 号：TH74[机械工程—光学工程]